Get rid of the redundant ATTR_NEVER_INLINE macro which translated to the same as...
[pub/USBasp.git] / Projects / TempDataLogger / Lib / FATFs / ff.c
index 6b39374..059b588 100644 (file)
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
-/  FatFs - FAT file system module  R0.08                  (C)ChaN, 2010
+/  FatFs - FAT file system module  R0.09a                 (C)ChaN, 2012
 /-----------------------------------------------------------------------------/
 / FatFs module is a generic FAT file system module for small embedded systems.
 / This is a free software that opened for education, research and commercial
 / developments under license policy of following terms.
 /
-/  Copyright (C) 2010, ChaN, all right reserved.
+/  Copyright (C) 2012, ChaN, all right reserved.
 /
 / * The FatFs module is a free software and there is NO WARRANTY.
 / * No restriction on use. You can use, modify and redistribute it for
 / Feb 03,'08 R0.05a Added f_truncate() and f_utime().
 /                   Fixed off by one error at FAT sub-type determination.
 /                   Fixed btr in f_read() can be mistruncated.
-/                   Fixed cached sector is not flushed when create and close
-/                   without write.
+/                   Fixed cached sector is not flushed when create and close without write.
 /
 / Apr 01,'08 R0.06  Added fputc(), fputs(), fprintf() and fgets().
-/                   Improved performance of f_lseek() on moving to the same
-/                   or following cluster.
+/                   Improved performance of f_lseek() on moving to the same or following cluster.
 /
-/ Apr 01,'09 R0.07  Merged Tiny-FatFs as a buffer configuration option.
-/                   Added long file name support.
-/                   Added multiple code page support.
+/ Apr 01,'09 R0.07  Merged Tiny-FatFs as a configuration option. (_FS_TINY)
+/                   Added long file name feature.
+/                   Added multiple code page feature.
 /                   Added re-entrancy for multitask operation.
 /                   Added auto cluster size selection to f_mkfs().
 /                   Added rewind option to f_readdir().
 /                   Changed result code of critical errors.
 /                   Renamed string functions to avoid name collision.
 / Apr 14,'09 R0.07a Separated out OS dependent code on reentrant cfg.
-/                   Added multiple sector size support.
+/                   Added multiple sector size feature.
 / Jun 21,'09 R0.07c Fixed f_unlink() can return FR_OK on error.
 /                   Fixed wrong cache control in f_lseek().
 /                   Added relative path feature.
 /                   Fixed f_unlink() fails to remove a sub-dir on _FS_RPATH.
 /                   Fixed name matching error on the 13 char boundary.
 /                   Added a configuration option, _LFN_UNICODE.
-/                   Changed f_readdir() to return the SFN with always upper
-/                   case on non-LFN cfg.
+/                   Changed f_readdir() to return the SFN with always upper case on non-LFN cfg.
 /
-/ May 15,'10 R0.08  Added a memory configuration option. (_USE_LFN)
+/ May 15,'10 R0.08  Added a memory configuration option. (_USE_LFN = 3)
 /                   Added file lock feature. (_FS_SHARE)
 /                   Added fast seek feature. (_USE_FASTSEEK)
 /                   Changed some types on the API, XCHAR->TCHAR.
 /                   Changed fname member in the FILINFO structure on Unicode cfg.
 /                   String functions support UTF-8 encoding files on Unicode cfg.
+/ Aug 16,'10 R0.08a Added f_getcwd(). (_FS_RPATH = 2)
+/                   Added sector erase feature. (_USE_ERASE)
+/                   Moved file lock semaphore table from fs object to the bss.
+/                   Fixed a wrong directory entry is created on non-LFN cfg when the given name contains ';'.
+/                   Fixed f_mkfs() creates wrong FAT32 volume.
+/ Jan 15,'11 R0.08b Fast seek feature is also applied to f_read() and f_write().
+/                   f_lseek() reports required table size on creating CLMP.
+/                   Extended format syntax of f_printf function.
+/                   Ignores duplicated directory separators in given path name.
+/
+/ Sep 06,'11 R0.09  f_mkfs() supports multiple partition to finish the multiple partition feature.
+/                   Added f_fdisk(). (_MULTI_PARTITION = 2)
+/ Aug 27,'12 R0.09a Fixed assertion failure due to OS/2 EA on FAT12/16 volume.
+/                   Changed f_open() and f_opendir reject null object pointer to avoid crash.
+/                   Changed option name _FS_SHARE to _FS_LOCK.
 /---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 #include "ff.h"                        /* FatFs configurations and declarations */
 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#if _FATFS != 8085
+#if _FATFS != 4004     /* Revision ID */
 #error Wrong include file (ff.h).
 #endif
 
 
-/* FAT sub-type boundaries */
-/* Note that the FAT spec by Microsoft says 4085 but Windows works with 4087! */
-#define MIN_FAT16      4086    /* Minimum number of clusters for FAT16 */
-#define        MIN_FAT32       65526   /* Minimum number of clusters for FAT32 */
-
-
-/* Definitions corresponds to multiple sector size */
-#if _MAX_SS == 512             /* Single sector size */
-#define        SS(fs)  512U
-#elif _MAX_SS == 1024 || _MAX_SS == 2048 || _MAX_SS == 4096    /* Multiple sector size */
-#define        SS(fs)  ((fs)->ssize)
-#else
+/* Definitions on sector size */
+#if _MAX_SS != 512 && _MAX_SS != 1024 && _MAX_SS != 2048 && _MAX_SS != 4096
 #error Wrong sector size.
 #endif
+#if _MAX_SS != 512
+#define        SS(fs)  ((fs)->ssize)   /* Variable sector size */
+#else
+#define        SS(fs)  512U                    /* Fixed sector size */
+#endif
 
 
-/* Re-entrancy related */
+/* Reentrancy related */
 #if _FS_REENTRANT
 #if _USE_LFN == 1
 #error Static LFN work area must not be used in re-entrant configuration.
 #endif
 #define        ENTER_FF(fs)            { if (!lock_fs(fs)) return FR_TIMEOUT; }
 #define        LEAVE_FF(fs, res)       { unlock_fs(fs, res); return res; }
-
 #else
 #define        ENTER_FF(fs)
 #define LEAVE_FF(fs, res)      return res
-
 #endif
 
 #define        ABORT(fs, res)          { fp->flag |= FA__ERROR; LEAVE_FF(fs, res); }
 
 
+/* File access control feature */
+#if _FS_LOCK
+#if _FS_READONLY
+#error _FS_LOCK must be 0 on read-only cfg.
+#endif
+typedef struct {
+       FATFS *fs;                              /* File ID 1, volume (NULL:blank entry) */
+       DWORD clu;                              /* File ID 2, directory */
+       WORD idx;                               /* File ID 3, directory index */
+       WORD ctr;                               /* File open counter, 0:none, 0x01..0xFF:read open count, 0x100:write mode */
+} FILESEM;
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* DBCS code ranges and SBCS extend char conversion table */
+
+#if _CODE_PAGE == 932  /* Japanese Shift-JIS */
+#define _DF1S  0x81    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 start */
+#define _DF1E  0x9F    /* DBC 1st byte range 1 end */
+#define _DF2S  0xE0    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 start */
+#define _DF2E  0xFC    /* DBC 1st byte range 2 end */
+#define _DS1S  0x40    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 start */
+#define _DS1E  0x7E    /* DBC 2nd byte range 1 end */
+#define _DS2S  0x80    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 start */
+#define _DS2E  0xFC    /* DBC 2nd byte range 2 end */
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 936        /* Simplified Chinese GBK */
+#define _DF1S  0x81
+#define _DF1E  0xFE
+#define _DS1S  0x40
+#define _DS1E  0x7E
+#define _DS2S  0x80
+#define _DS2E  0xFE
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 949        /* Korean */
+#define _DF1S  0x81
+#define _DF1E  0xFE
+#define _DS1S  0x41
+#define _DS1E  0x5A
+#define _DS2S  0x61
+#define _DS2E  0x7A
+#define _DS3S  0x81
+#define _DS3E  0xFE
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 950        /* Traditional Chinese Big5 */
+#define _DF1S  0x81
+#define _DF1E  0xFE
+#define _DS1S  0x40
+#define _DS1E  0x7E
+#define _DS2S  0xA1
+#define _DS2E  0xFE
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 437        /* U.S. (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0x41,0x8E,0x41,0x8F,0x80,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x49,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0x4F,0x99,0x4F,0x55,0x55,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0x21,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 720        /* Arabic (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x45,0x41,0x84,0x41,0x86,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x49,0x49,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x49,0x49,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 737        /* Greek (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87, \
+                               0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0xAA,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0x97,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xE4,0xED,0xEE,0xE7,0xE8,0xF1,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 775        /* Baltic (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x91,0xA0,0x8E,0x95,0x8F,0x80,0xAD,0xED,0x8A,0x8A,0xA1,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xE0,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xBD,0xBE,0xC6,0xC7,0xA5,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE3,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEE,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 850        /* Multilingual Latin 1 (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0xDE,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0x21,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE7,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 852        /* Latin 2 (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xDE,0x8F,0x80,0x9D,0xD3,0x8A,0x8A,0xD7,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x91,0xE2,0x99,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA4,0xA4,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA8,0xAA,0x8D,0xAC,0xB8,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBD,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC6,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD2,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xB7,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE3,0xD5,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE9,0xE8,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xDD,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xEB,0xFC,0xFC,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 855        /* Cyrillic (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x81,0x81,0x83,0x83,0x85,0x85,0x87,0x87,0x89,0x89,0x8B,0x8B,0x8D,0x8D,0x8F,0x8F,0x91,0x91,0x93,0x93,0x95,0x95,0x97,0x97,0x99,0x99,0x9B,0x9B,0x9D,0x9D,0x9F,0x9F, \
+                               0xA1,0xA1,0xA3,0xA3,0xA5,0xA5,0xA7,0xA7,0xA9,0xA9,0xAB,0xAB,0xAD,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB6,0xB6,0xB8,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBE,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD1,0xD1,0xD3,0xD3,0xD5,0xD5,0xD7,0xD7,0xDD,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xE0,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE2,0xE2,0xE4,0xE4,0xE6,0xE6,0xE8,0xE8,0xEA,0xEA,0xEC,0xEC,0xEE,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF8,0xFA,0xFA,0xFC,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 857        /* Turkish (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0x98,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9E, \
+                               0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA6,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0x21,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xDE,0x59,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 858        /* Multilingual Latin 1 + Euro (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x9A,0x90,0xB6,0x8E,0xB7,0x8F,0x80,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD8,0xD7,0xDE,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x92,0x92,0xE2,0x99,0xE3,0xEA,0xEB,0x59,0x99,0x9A,0x9D,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xB5,0xD6,0xE0,0xE9,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0x21,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC7,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD1,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE5,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE7,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xED,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 862        /* Hebrew (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0x41,0x49,0x4F,0x55,0xA5,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0x21,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 866        /* Russian (OEM) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x9d,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F,0xF0,0xF0,0xF2,0xF2,0xF4,0xF4,0xF6,0xF6,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 874        /* Thai (OEM, Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1250 /* Central Europe (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x8A,0x9B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xA3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xA5,0xAA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBC,0xAF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xF7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1251 /* Cyrillic (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x82,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x80,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x8A,0x9B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA2,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB2,0xA5,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xA8,0xB9,0xAA,0xBB,0xA3,0xBD,0xBD,0xAF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1252 /* Latin 1 (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0xAd,0x9B,0x8C,0x9D,0xAE,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0x21,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xF7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0x9F}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1253 /* Greek (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xA2,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA, \
+                               0xE0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xF2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xFB,0xBC,0xFD,0xBF,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1254 /* Turkish (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x8A,0x9B,0x8C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0x21,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xF7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0x9F}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1255 /* Hebrew (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0x21,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xE0,0xE1,0xE2,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0xE7,0xE8,0xE9,0xEA,0xEB,0xEC,0xED,0xEE,0xEF,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0xF4,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0xF9,0xFA,0xFB,0xFC,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1256 /* Arabic (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x8C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0x41,0xE1,0x41,0xE3,0xE4,0xE5,0xE6,0x43,0x45,0x45,0x45,0x45,0xEC,0xED,0x49,0x49,0xF0,0xF1,0xF2,0xF3,0x4F,0xF5,0xF6,0xF7,0xF8,0x55,0xFA,0x55,0x55,0xFD,0xFE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1257 /* Baltic (Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0x9C,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0xA1,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xA8,0xB9,0xAA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xAF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xF7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xFF}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1258 /* Vietnam (OEM, Windows) */
+#define _DF1S  0
+#define _EXCVT {0x80,0x81,0x82,0x83,0x84,0x85,0x86,0x87,0x88,0x89,0x8A,0x8B,0x8C,0x8D,0x8E,0x8F,0x90,0x91,0x92,0x93,0x94,0x95,0x96,0x97,0x98,0x99,0x9A,0x9B,0xAC,0x9D,0x9E,0x9F, \
+                               0xA0,0x21,0xA2,0xA3,0xA4,0xA5,0xA6,0xA7,0xA8,0xA9,0xAA,0xAB,0xAC,0xAD,0xAE,0xAF,0xB0,0xB1,0xB2,0xB3,0xB4,0xB5,0xB6,0xB7,0xB8,0xB9,0xBA,0xBB,0xBC,0xBD,0xBE,0xBF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xCC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xD2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xD7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xDE,0xDF, \
+                               0xC0,0xC1,0xC2,0xC3,0xC4,0xC5,0xC6,0xC7,0xC8,0xC9,0xCA,0xCB,0xEC,0xCD,0xCE,0xCF,0xD0,0xD1,0xF2,0xD3,0xD4,0xD5,0xD6,0xF7,0xD8,0xD9,0xDA,0xDB,0xDC,0xDD,0xFE,0x9F}
+
+#elif _CODE_PAGE == 1  /* ASCII (for only non-LFN cfg) */
+#if _USE_LFN
+#error Cannot use LFN feature without valid code page.
+#endif
+#define _DF1S  0
+
+#else
+#error Unknown code page
+
+#endif
+
+
 /* Character code support macros */
 #define IsUpper(c)     (((c)>='A')&&((c)<='Z'))
 #define IsLower(c)     (((c)>='a')&&((c)<='z'))
 
 
 /* Name status flags */
-#define NS                     11              /* Offset of name status byte */
+#define NS                     11              /* Index of name status byte in fn[] */
 #define NS_LOSS                0x01    /* Out of 8.3 format */
 #define NS_LFN         0x02    /* Force to create LFN entry */
 #define NS_LAST                0x04    /* Last segment */
 #define NS_DOT         0x20    /* Dot entry */
 
 
+/* FAT sub-type boundaries */
+/* Note that the FAT spec by Microsoft says 4085 but Windows works with 4087! */
+#define MIN_FAT16      4086    /* Minimum number of clusters for FAT16 */
+#define        MIN_FAT32       65526   /* Minimum number of clusters for FAT32 */
+
+
+/* FatFs refers the members in the FAT structures as byte array instead of
+/ structure member because the structure is not binary compatible between
+/ different platforms */
+
+#define BS_jmpBoot                     0       /* Jump instruction (3) */
+#define BS_OEMName                     3       /* OEM name (8) */
+#define BPB_BytsPerSec         11      /* Sector size [byte] (2) */
+#define BPB_SecPerClus         13      /* Cluster size [sector] (1) */
+#define BPB_RsvdSecCnt         14      /* Size of reserved area [sector] (2) */
+#define BPB_NumFATs                    16      /* Number of FAT copies (1) */
+#define BPB_RootEntCnt         17      /* Number of root dir entries for FAT12/16 (2) */
+#define BPB_TotSec16           19      /* Volume size [sector] (2) */
+#define BPB_Media                      21      /* Media descriptor (1) */
+#define BPB_FATSz16                    22      /* FAT size [sector] (2) */
+#define BPB_SecPerTrk          24      /* Track size [sector] (2) */
+#define BPB_NumHeads           26      /* Number of heads (2) */
+#define BPB_HiddSec                    28      /* Number of special hidden sectors (4) */
+#define BPB_TotSec32           32      /* Volume size [sector] (4) */
+#define BS_DrvNum                      36      /* Physical drive number (2) */
+#define BS_BootSig                     38      /* Extended boot signature (1) */
+#define BS_VolID                       39      /* Volume serial number (4) */
+#define BS_VolLab                      43      /* Volume label (8) */
+#define BS_FilSysType          54      /* File system type (1) */
+#define BPB_FATSz32                    36      /* FAT size [sector] (4) */
+#define BPB_ExtFlags           40      /* Extended flags (2) */
+#define BPB_FSVer                      42      /* File system version (2) */
+#define BPB_RootClus           44      /* Root dir first cluster (4) */
+#define BPB_FSInfo                     48      /* Offset of FSInfo sector (2) */
+#define BPB_BkBootSec          50      /* Offset of backup boot sector (2) */
+#define BS_DrvNum32                    64      /* Physical drive number (2) */
+#define BS_BootSig32           66      /* Extended boot signature (1) */
+#define BS_VolID32                     67      /* Volume serial number (4) */
+#define BS_VolLab32                    71      /* Volume label (8) */
+#define BS_FilSysType32                82      /* File system type (1) */
+#define        FSI_LeadSig                     0       /* FSI: Leading signature (4) */
+#define        FSI_StrucSig            484     /* FSI: Structure signature (4) */
+#define        FSI_Free_Count          488     /* FSI: Number of free clusters (4) */
+#define        FSI_Nxt_Free            492     /* FSI: Last allocated cluster (4) */
+#define MBR_Table                      446     /* MBR: Partition table offset (2) */
+#define        SZ_PTE                          16      /* MBR: Size of a partition table entry */
+#define BS_55AA                                510     /* Boot sector signature (2) */
+
+#define        DIR_Name                        0       /* Short file name (11) */
+#define        DIR_Attr                        11      /* Attribute (1) */
+#define        DIR_NTres                       12      /* NT flag (1) */
+#define DIR_CrtTimeTenth       13      /* Created time sub-second (1) */
+#define        DIR_CrtTime                     14      /* Created time (2) */
+#define        DIR_CrtDate                     16      /* Created date (2) */
+#define DIR_LstAccDate         18      /* Last accessed date (2) */
+#define        DIR_FstClusHI           20      /* Higher 16-bit of first cluster (2) */
+#define        DIR_WrtTime                     22      /* Modified time (2) */
+#define        DIR_WrtDate                     24      /* Modified date (2) */
+#define        DIR_FstClusLO           26      /* Lower 16-bit of first cluster (2) */
+#define        DIR_FileSize            28      /* File size (4) */
+#define        LDIR_Ord                        0       /* LFN entry order and LLE flag (1) */
+#define        LDIR_Attr                       11      /* LFN attribute (1) */
+#define        LDIR_Type                       12      /* LFN type (1) */
+#define        LDIR_Chksum                     13      /* Sum of corresponding SFN entry */
+#define        LDIR_FstClusLO          26      /* Filled by zero (0) */
+#define        SZ_DIR                          32              /* Size of a directory entry */
+#define        LLE                                     0x40    /* Last long entry flag in LDIR_Ord */
+#define        DDE                                     0xE5    /* Deleted directory entry mark in DIR_Name[0] */
+#define        NDDE                            0x05    /* Replacement of the character collides with DDE */
+
 
 /*------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Work area                                                  */
+/* Module private work area                                   */
+/*------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Note that uninitialized variables with static duration are
+/  zeroed/nulled at start-up. If not, the compiler or start-up
+/  routine is out of ANSI-C standard.
+*/
 
-#if !_DRIVES
-#error Number of drives must not be 0.
+#if _VOLUMES
+static
+FATFS *FatFs[_VOLUMES];        /* Pointer to the file system objects (logical drives) */
+#else
+#error Number of volumes must not be 0.
 #endif
+
 static
 WORD Fsid;                             /* File system mount ID */
-static
-FATFS *FatFs[_DRIVES]; /* Pointer to the file system objects (logical drives) */
 
 #if _FS_RPATH
 static
-BYTE Drive;                            /* Current drive */
+BYTE CurrVol;                  /* Current drive */
 #endif
 
+#if _FS_LOCK
+static
+FILESEM        Files[_FS_LOCK];        /* File lock semaphores */
+#endif
 
-#if _USE_LFN == 0                      /* No LFN */
+#if _USE_LFN == 0                      /* No LFN feature */
 #define        DEF_NAMEBUF                     BYTE sfn[12]
 #define INIT_BUF(dobj)         (dobj).fn = sfn
 #define        FREE_BUF()
 
-#elif _USE_LFN == 1                    /* LFN with static LFN working buffer */
-static WCHAR LfnBuf[_MAX_LFN + 1];
+#elif _USE_LFN == 1                    /* LFN feature with static working buffer */
+static WCHAR LfnBuf[_MAX_LFN+1];
 #define        DEF_NAMEBUF                     BYTE sfn[12]
 #define INIT_BUF(dobj)         { (dobj).fn = sfn; (dobj).lfn = LfnBuf; }
 #define        FREE_BUF()
 
-#elif _USE_LFN == 2            /* LFN with dynamic LFN working buffer on the stack */
-#define        DEF_NAMEBUF                     BYTE sfn[12]; WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN + 1]
+#elif _USE_LFN == 2            /* LFN feature with dynamic working buffer on the stack */
+#define        DEF_NAMEBUF                     BYTE sfn[12]; WCHAR lbuf[_MAX_LFN+1]
 #define INIT_BUF(dobj)         { (dobj).fn = sfn; (dobj).lfn = lbuf; }
 #define        FREE_BUF()
 
-#elif _USE_LFN == 3            /* LFN with dynamic LFN working buffer on the heap */
+#elif _USE_LFN == 3            /* LFN feature with dynamic working buffer on the heap */
 #define        DEF_NAMEBUF                     BYTE sfn[12]; WCHAR *lfn
 #define INIT_BUF(dobj)         { lfn = ff_memalloc((_MAX_LFN + 1) * 2); \
                                                          if (!lfn) LEAVE_FF((dobj).fs, FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE); \
@@ -229,15 +527,15 @@ static WCHAR LfnBuf[_MAX_LFN + 1];
 
 /* Copy memory to memory */
 static
-void mem_cpy (void* dst, const void* src, int cnt) {
+void mem_cpy (void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt) {
        BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;
        const BYTE *s = (const BYTE*)src;
 
 #if _WORD_ACCESS == 1
-       while (cnt >= sizeof(int)) {
+       while (cnt >= sizeof (int)) {
                *(int*)d = *(int*)s;
-               d += sizeof(int); s += sizeof(int);
-               cnt -= sizeof(int);
+               d += sizeof (int); s += sizeof (int);
+               cnt -= sizeof (int);
        }
 #endif
        while (cnt--)
@@ -246,7 +544,7 @@ void mem_cpy (void* dst, const void* src, int cnt) {
 
 /* Fill memory */
 static
-void mem_set (void* dst, int val, int cnt) {
+void mem_set (void* dst, int val, UINT cnt) {
        BYTE *d = (BYTE*)dst;
 
        while (cnt--)
@@ -255,7 +553,7 @@ void mem_set (void* dst, int val, int cnt) {
 
 /* Compare memory to memory */
 static
-int mem_cmp (const void* dst, const void* src, int cnt) {
+int mem_cmp (const void* dst, const void* src, UINT cnt) {
        const BYTE *d = (const BYTE *)dst, *s = (const BYTE *)src;
        int r = 0;
 
@@ -292,7 +590,8 @@ void unlock_fs (
        FRESULT res             /* Result code to be returned */
 )
 {
-       if (res != FR_NOT_ENABLED &&
+       if (fs &&
+               res != FR_NOT_ENABLED &&
                res != FR_INVALID_DRIVE &&
                res != FR_INVALID_OBJECT &&
                res != FR_TIMEOUT) {
@@ -304,9 +603,9 @@ void unlock_fs (
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* File sharing control functions                                       */
+/* File lock control functions                                           */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-#if _FS_SHARE
+#if _FS_LOCK
 
 static
 FRESULT chk_lock (     /* Check if the file can be accessed */
@@ -317,31 +616,30 @@ FRESULT chk_lock (        /* Check if the file can be accessed */
        UINT i, be;
 
        /* Search file semaphore table */
-       for (i = be = 0; i < _FS_SHARE; i++) {
-               if (dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr) {     /* Existing entry */
-                       if (dj->fs->flsem[i].clu == dj->sclust &&       /* The file is found (identified with its location) */
-                               dj->fs->flsem[i].idx == dj->index) break;
-               } else {                                        /* Blank entry */
+       for (i = be = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {
+               if (Files[i].fs) {      /* Existing entry */
+                       if (Files[i].fs == dj->fs &&            /* Check if the file matched with an open file */
+                               Files[i].clu == dj->sclust &&
+                               Files[i].idx == dj->index) break;
+               } else {                        /* Blank entry */
                        be++;
                }
        }
-       if (i == _FS_SHARE)     /* The file has not been opened */
-               return (be || acc != 2) ? FR_OK : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;       /* Is there a blank entry for new file? */
+       if (i == _FS_LOCK)      /* The file is not opened */
+               return (be || acc == 2) ? FR_OK : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;       /* Is there a blank entry for new file? */
 
        /* The file has been opened. Reject any open against writing file and all write mode open */
-       return (acc || dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
+       return (acc || Files[i].ctr == 0x100) ? FR_LOCKED : FR_OK;
 }
 
 
 static
-int enq_lock ( /* Check if an entry is available for a new file */
-       FATFS* fs       /* File system object */
-)
+int enq_lock (void)    /* Check if an entry is available for a new file */
 {
        UINT i;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < _FS_SHARE && fs->flsem[i].ctr; i++) ;
-       return (i == _FS_SHARE) ? 0 : 1;
+       for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
+       return (i == _FS_LOCK) ? 0 : 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -354,22 +652,24 @@ UINT inc_lock (   /* Increment file open counter and returns its index (0:int erro
        UINT i;
 
 
-       for (i = 0; i < _FS_SHARE; i++) {       /* Find the file */
-               if (dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr &&
-                       dj->fs->flsem[i].clu == dj->sclust &&
-                       dj->fs->flsem[i].idx == dj->index) break;
+       for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {        /* Find the file */
+               if (Files[i].fs == dj->fs &&
+                       Files[i].clu == dj->sclust &&
+                       Files[i].idx == dj->index) break;
        }
 
-       if (i == _FS_SHARE) {                           /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
-               for (i = 0; i < _FS_SHARE && dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr; i++) ;
-               if (i == _FS_SHARE) return 0;   /* No space to register (int err) */
-               dj->fs->flsem[i].clu = dj->sclust;
-               dj->fs->flsem[i].idx = dj->index;
+       if (i == _FS_LOCK) {                            /* Not opened. Register it as new. */
+               for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK && Files[i].fs; i++) ;
+               if (i == _FS_LOCK) return 0;    /* No space to register (int err) */
+               Files[i].fs = dj->fs;
+               Files[i].clu = dj->sclust;
+               Files[i].idx = dj->index;
+               Files[i].ctr = 0;
        }
 
-       if (acc && dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr) return 0;      /* Access violation (int err) */
+       if (acc && Files[i].ctr) return 0;      /* Access violation (int err) */
 
-       dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : dj->fs->flsem[i].ctr + 1;  /* Set semaphore value */
+       Files[i].ctr = acc ? 0x100 : Files[i].ctr + 1;  /* Set semaphore value */
 
        return i + 1;
 }
@@ -377,7 +677,6 @@ UINT inc_lock (     /* Increment file open counter and returns its index (0:int erro
 
 static
 FRESULT dec_lock (     /* Decrement file open counter */
-       FATFS* fs,              /* File system object */
        UINT i                  /* Semaphore index */
 )
 {
@@ -385,11 +684,12 @@ FRESULT dec_lock (        /* Decrement file open counter */
        FRESULT res;
 
 
-       if (--i < _FS_SHARE) {
-               n = fs->flsem[i].ctr;
-               if (n >= 0x100) n = 0;
+       if (--i < _FS_LOCK) {
+               n = Files[i].ctr;
+               if (n == 0x100) n = 0;
                if (n) n--;
-               fs->flsem[i].ctr = n;
+               Files[i].ctr = n;
+               if (!n) Files[i].fs = 0;
                res = FR_OK;
        } else {
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
@@ -397,6 +697,18 @@ FRESULT dec_lock ( /* Decrement file open counter */
        return res;
 }
 
+
+static
+void clear_lock (      /* Clear lock entries of the volume */
+       FATFS *fs
+)
+{
+       UINT i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < _FS_LOCK; i++) {
+               if (Files[i].fs == fs) Files[i].fs = 0;
+       }
+}
 #endif
 
 
@@ -460,17 +772,19 @@ FRESULT sync (    /* FR_OK: successful, FR_DISK_ERR: failed */
                /* Update FSInfo sector if needed */
                if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && fs->fsi_flag) {
                        fs->winsect = 0;
+                       /* Create FSInfo structure */
                        mem_set(fs->win, 0, 512);
                        ST_WORD(fs->win+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
                        ST_DWORD(fs->win+FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
                        ST_DWORD(fs->win+FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
                        ST_DWORD(fs->win+FSI_Free_Count, fs->free_clust);
                        ST_DWORD(fs->win+FSI_Nxt_Free, fs->last_clust);
+                       /* Write it into the FSInfo sector */
                        disk_write(fs->drv, fs->win, fs->fsi_sector, 1);
                        fs->fsi_flag = 0;
                }
                /* Make sure that no pending write process in the physical drive */
-               if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_SYNC, (void*)0) != RES_OK)
+               if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) != RES_OK)
                        res = FR_DISK_ERR;
        }
 
@@ -482,6 +796,24 @@ FRESULT sync (     /* FR_OK: successful, FR_DISK_ERR: failed */
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Get sector# from cluster#                                             */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+
+DWORD clust2sect (     /* !=0: Sector number, 0: Failed - invalid cluster# */
+       FATFS *fs,              /* File system object */
+       DWORD clst              /* Cluster# to be converted */
+)
+{
+       clst -= 2;
+       if (clst >= (fs->n_fatent - 2)) return 0;               /* Invalid cluster# */
+       return clst * fs->csize + fs->database;
+}
+
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* FAT access - Read value of a FAT entry                                */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
@@ -495,7 +827,7 @@ DWORD get_fat (     /* 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk error, 1:Internal error, Else:Cluster status
        BYTE *p;
 
 
-       if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)   /* Chack range */
+       if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent)   /* Check range */
                return 1;
 
        switch (fs->fs_type) {
@@ -546,7 +878,7 @@ FRESULT put_fat (
        } else {
                switch (fs->fs_type) {
                case FS_FAT12 :
-                       bc = clst; bc += bc / 2;
+                       bc = (UINT)clst; bc += bc / 2;
                        res = move_window(fs, fs->fatbase + (bc / SS(fs)));
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        p = &fs->win[bc % SS(fs)];
@@ -599,7 +931,9 @@ FRESULT remove_chain (
 {
        FRESULT res;
        DWORD nxt;
-
+#if _USE_ERASE
+       DWORD scl = clst, ecl = clst, rt[2];
+#endif
 
        if (clst < 2 || clst >= fs->n_fatent) { /* Check range */
                res = FR_INT_ERR;
@@ -617,6 +951,16 @@ FRESULT remove_chain (
                                fs->free_clust++;
                                fs->fsi_flag = 1;
                        }
+#if _USE_ERASE
+                       if (ecl + 1 == nxt) {   /* Is next cluster contiguous? */
+                               ecl = nxt;
+                       } else {                                /* End of contiguous clusters */ 
+                               rt[0] = clust2sect(fs, scl);                                    /* Start sector */
+                               rt[1] = clust2sect(fs, ecl) + fs->csize - 1;    /* End sector */
+                               disk_ioctl(fs->drv, CTRL_ERASE_SECTOR, rt);             /* Erase the block */
+                               scl = ecl = nxt;
+                       }
+#endif
                        clst = nxt;     /* Next cluster */
                }
        }
@@ -639,6 +983,7 @@ DWORD create_chain (        /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk err
 )
 {
        DWORD cs, ncl, scl;
+       FRESULT res;
 
 
        if (clst == 0) {                /* Create a new chain */
@@ -666,41 +1011,51 @@ DWORD create_chain (     /* 0:No free cluster, 1:Internal error, 0xFFFFFFFF:Disk err
                if (ncl == scl) return 0;               /* No free cluster */
        }
 
-       if (put_fat(fs, ncl, 0x0FFFFFFF))       /* Mark the new cluster "last link" */
-               return 0xFFFFFFFF;
-       if (clst != 0) {                                        /* Link it to the previous one if needed */
-               if (put_fat(fs, clst, ncl))
-                       return 0xFFFFFFFF;
+       res = put_fat(fs, ncl, 0x0FFFFFFF);     /* Mark the new cluster "last link" */
+       if (res == FR_OK && clst != 0) {
+               res = put_fat(fs, clst, ncl);   /* Link it to the previous one if needed */
        }
-
-       fs->last_clust = ncl;                           /* Update FSINFO */
-       if (fs->free_clust != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
-               fs->free_clust--;
-               fs->fsi_flag = 1;
+       if (res == FR_OK) {
+               fs->last_clust = ncl;                   /* Update FSINFO */
+               if (fs->free_clust != 0xFFFFFFFF) {
+                       fs->free_clust--;
+                       fs->fsi_flag = 1;
+               }
+       } else {
+               ncl = (res == FR_DISK_ERR) ? 0xFFFFFFFF : 1;
        }
 
-       return ncl;             /* Return new cluster number */
+       return ncl;             /* Return new cluster number or error code */
 }
 #endif /* !_FS_READONLY */
 
 
 
-
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Get sector# from cluster#                                             */
+/* FAT handling - Convert offset into cluster with link map table        */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-
-DWORD clust2sect (     /* !=0: Sector number, 0: Failed - invalid cluster# */
-       FATFS *fs,              /* File system object */
-       DWORD clst              /* Cluster# to be converted */
+#if _USE_FASTSEEK
+static
+DWORD clmt_clust (     /* <2:Error, >=2:Cluster number */
+       FIL* fp,                /* Pointer to the file object */
+       DWORD ofs               /* File offset to be converted to cluster# */
 )
 {
-       clst -= 2;
-       if (clst >= (fs->n_fatent - 2)) return 0;               /* Invalid cluster# */
-       return clst * fs->csize + fs->database;
-}
+       DWORD cl, ncl, *tbl;
+
 
+       tbl = fp->cltbl + 1;    /* Top of CLMT */
+       cl = ofs / SS(fp->fs) / fp->fs->csize;  /* Cluster order from top of the file */
+       for (;;) {
+               ncl = *tbl++;                   /* Number of cluters in the fragment */
+               if (!ncl) return 0;             /* End of table? (error) */
+               if (cl < ncl) break;    /* In this fragment? */
+               cl -= ncl; tbl++;               /* Next fragment */
+       }
+       return cl + *tbl;       /* Return the cluster number */
+}
+#endif /* _USE_FASTSEEK */
 
 
 
@@ -711,7 +1066,7 @@ DWORD clust2sect ( /* !=0: Sector number, 0: Failed - invalid cluster# */
 static
 FRESULT dir_sdi (
        DIR *dj,                /* Pointer to directory object */
-       WORD idx                /* Directory index number */
+       WORD idx                /* Index of directory table */
 )
 {
        DWORD clst;
@@ -725,14 +1080,14 @@ FRESULT dir_sdi (
        if (!clst && dj->fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32)       /* Replace cluster# 0 with root cluster# if in FAT32 */
                clst = dj->fs->dirbase;
 
-       if (clst == 0) {        /* Static table */
+       if (clst == 0) {        /* Static table (root-dir in FAT12/16) */
                dj->clust = clst;
                if (idx >= dj->fs->n_rootdir)           /* Index is out of range */
                        return FR_INT_ERR;
-               dj->sect = dj->fs->dirbase + idx / (SS(dj->fs) / 32);   /* Sector# */
+               dj->sect = dj->fs->dirbase + idx / (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR);       /* Sector# */
        }
-       else {                          /* Dynamic table */
-               ic = SS(dj->fs) / 32 * dj->fs->csize;   /* Entries per cluster */
+       else {                          /* Dynamic table (sub-dirs or root-dir in FAT32) */
+               ic = SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR * dj->fs->csize;       /* Entries per cluster */
                while (idx >= ic) {     /* Follow cluster chain */
                        clst = get_fat(dj->fs, clst);                           /* Get next cluster */
                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;     /* Disk error */
@@ -741,10 +1096,10 @@ FRESULT dir_sdi (
                        idx -= ic;
                }
                dj->clust = clst;
-               dj->sect = clust2sect(dj->fs, clst) + idx / (SS(dj->fs) / 32);  /* Sector# */
+               dj->sect = clust2sect(dj->fs, clst) + idx / (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR);      /* Sector# */
        }
 
-       dj->dir = dj->fs->win + (idx % (SS(dj->fs) / 32)) * 32; /* Ptr to the entry in the sector */
+       dj->dir = dj->fs->win + (idx % (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR)) * SZ_DIR; /* Ptr to the entry in the sector */
 
        return FR_OK;   /* Seek succeeded */
 }
@@ -753,7 +1108,7 @@ FRESULT dir_sdi (
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Directory handling - Move directory index next                        */
+/* Directory handling - Move directory table index next                  */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 static
@@ -766,11 +1121,12 @@ FRESULT dir_next (       /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:EOT an
        WORD i;
 
 
+       stretch = stretch;              /* To suppress warning on read-only cfg. */
        i = dj->index + 1;
        if (!i || !dj->sect)    /* Report EOT when index has reached 65535 */
                return FR_NO_FILE;
 
-       if (!(i % (SS(dj->fs) / 32))) { /* Sector changed? */
+       if (!(i % (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR))) {     /* Sector changed? */
                dj->sect++;                                     /* Next sector */
 
                if (dj->clust == 0) {   /* Static table */
@@ -778,7 +1134,7 @@ FRESULT dir_next ( /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:EOT an
                                return FR_NO_FILE;
                }
                else {                                  /* Dynamic table */
-                       if (((i / (SS(dj->fs) / 32)) & (dj->fs->csize - 1)) == 0) {     /* Cluster changed? */
+                       if (((i / (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR)) & (dj->fs->csize - 1)) == 0) { /* Cluster changed? */
                                clst = get_fat(dj->fs, dj->clust);                              /* Get next cluster */
                                if (clst <= 1) return FR_INT_ERR;
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) return FR_DISK_ERR;
@@ -811,7 +1167,7 @@ FRESULT dir_next ( /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:EOT an
        }
 
        dj->index = i;
-       dj->dir = dj->fs->win + (i % (SS(dj->fs) / 32)) * 32;
+       dj->dir = dj->fs->win + (i % (SS(dj->fs) / SZ_DIR)) * SZ_DIR;
 
        return FR_OK;
 }
@@ -820,6 +1176,40 @@ FRESULT dir_next (        /* FR_OK:Succeeded, FR_NO_FILE:End of table, FR_DENIED:EOT an
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Directory handling - Load/Store start cluster number                  */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static
+DWORD ld_clust (
+       FATFS *fs,      /* Pointer to the fs object */
+       BYTE *dir       /* Pointer to the directory entry */
+)
+{
+       DWORD cl;
+
+       cl = LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
+       if (fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32)
+               cl |= (DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16;
+
+       return cl;
+}
+
+
+#if !_FS_READONLY
+static
+void st_clust (
+       BYTE *dir,      /* Pointer to the directory entry */
+       DWORD cl        /* Value to be set */
+)
+{
+       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, cl);
+       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, cl >> 16);
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* LFN handling - Test/Pick/Fit an LFN segment from/to directory entry   */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 #if _USE_LFN
@@ -833,11 +1223,11 @@ int cmp_lfn (                    /* 1:Matched, 0:Not matched */
        BYTE *dir                       /* Pointer to the directory entry containing a part of LFN */
 )
 {
-       int i, s;
+       UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc, uc;
 
 
-       i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0xBF) - 1) * 13;  /* Get offset in the LFN buffer */
+       i = ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & ~LLE) - 1) * 13;  /* Get offset in the LFN buffer */
        s = 0; wc = 1;
        do {
                uc = LD_WORD(dir+LfnOfs[s]);    /* Pick an LFN character from the entry */
@@ -850,7 +1240,7 @@ int cmp_lfn (                      /* 1:Matched, 0:Not matched */
                }
        } while (++s < 13);                             /* Repeat until all chars in the entry are checked */
 
-       if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x40) && wc && lfnbuf[i])  /* Last segment matched but different length */
+       if ((dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLE) && wc && lfnbuf[i])   /* Last segment matched but different length */
                return 0;
 
        return 1;                                               /* The part of LFN matched */
@@ -864,7 +1254,7 @@ int pick_lfn (                     /* 1:Succeeded, 0:Buffer overflow */
        BYTE *dir                       /* Pointer to the directory entry */
 )
 {
-       int i, s;
+       UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc, uc;
 
 
@@ -881,7 +1271,7 @@ int pick_lfn (                     /* 1:Succeeded, 0:Buffer overflow */
                }
        } while (++s < 13);                                             /* Read all character in the entry */
 
-       if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & 0x40) {                             /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part */
+       if (dir[LDIR_Ord] & LLE) {                              /* Put terminator if it is the last LFN part */
                if (i >= _MAX_LFN) return 0;            /* Buffer overflow? */
                lfnbuf[i] = 0;
        }
@@ -899,7 +1289,7 @@ void fit_lfn (
        BYTE sum                                /* SFN sum */
 )
 {
-       int i, s;
+       UINT i, s;
        WCHAR wc;
 
 
@@ -915,7 +1305,7 @@ void fit_lfn (
                ST_WORD(dir+LfnOfs[s], wc);     /* Put it */
                if (!wc) wc = 0xFFFF;           /* Padding chars following last char */
        } while (++s < 13);
-       if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfnbuf[i]) ord |= 0x40;    /* Bottom LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
+       if (wc == 0xFFFF || !lfnbuf[i]) ord |= LLE;     /* Bottom LFN part is the start of LFN sequence */
        dir[LDIR_Ord] = ord;                    /* Set the LFN order */
 }
 
@@ -936,7 +1326,7 @@ void gen_numname (
 )
 {
        BYTE ns[8], c;
-       int i, j;
+       UINT i, j;
 
 
        mem_cpy(dst, src, 11);
@@ -945,7 +1335,7 @@ void gen_numname (
                do seq = (seq >> 1) + (seq << 15) + (WORD)*lfn++; while (*lfn);
        }
 
-       /* itoa */
+       /* itoa (hexdecimal) */
        i = 7;
        do {
                c = (seq % 16) + '0';
@@ -981,7 +1371,7 @@ BYTE sum_sfn (
 )
 {
        BYTE sum = 0;
-       int n = 11;
+       UINT n = 11;
 
        do sum = (sum >> 1) + (sum << 7) + *dir++; while (--n);
        return sum;
@@ -1020,14 +1410,14 @@ FRESULT dir_find (
                if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }        /* Reached to end of table */
 #if _USE_LFN   /* LFN configuration */
                a = dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
-               if (c == 0xE5 || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {       /* An entry without valid data */
+               if (c == DDE || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {        /* An entry without valid data */
                        ord = 0xFF;
                } else {
                        if (a == AM_LFN) {                      /* An LFN entry is found */
                                if (dj->lfn) {
-                                       if (c & 0x40) {         /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
+                                       if (c & LLE) {          /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                                                sum = dir[LDIR_Chksum];
-                                               c &= 0xBF; ord = c;     /* LFN start order */
+                                               c &= ~LLE; ord = c;     /* LFN start order */
                                                dj->lfn_idx = dj->index;
                                        }
                                        /* Check validity of the LFN entry and compare it with given name */
@@ -1076,13 +1466,13 @@ FRESULT dir_read (
                if (c == 0) { res = FR_NO_FILE; break; }        /* Reached to end of table */
 #if _USE_LFN   /* LFN configuration */
                a = dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_MASK;
-               if (c == 0xE5 || (!_FS_RPATH && c == '.') || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {   /* An entry without valid data */
+               if (c == DDE || (!_FS_RPATH && c == '.') || ((a & AM_VOL) && a != AM_LFN)) {    /* An entry without valid data */
                        ord = 0xFF;
                } else {
                        if (a == AM_LFN) {                      /* An LFN entry is found */
-                               if (c & 0x40) {                 /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
+                               if (c & LLE) {                  /* Is it start of LFN sequence? */
                                        sum = dir[LDIR_Chksum];
-                                       c &= 0xBF; ord = c;
+                                       c &= ~LLE; ord = c;
                                        dj->lfn_idx = dj->index;
                                }
                                /* Check LFN validity and capture it */
@@ -1094,7 +1484,7 @@ FRESULT dir_read (
                        }
                }
 #else          /* Non LFN configuration */
-               if (c != 0xE5 && (_FS_RPATH || c != '.') && !(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL))  /* Is it a valid entry? */
+               if (c != DDE && (_FS_RPATH || c != '.') && !(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_VOL))   /* Is it a valid entry? */
                        break;
 #endif
                res = dir_next(dj, 0);                          /* Next entry */
@@ -1129,7 +1519,8 @@ FRESULT dir_register (    /* FR_OK:Successful, FR_DENIED:No free entry or too many
        fn = dj->fn; lfn = dj->lfn;
        mem_cpy(sn, fn, 12);
 
-       if (_FS_RPATH && (sn[NS] & NS_DOT)) return FR_INVALID_NAME;     /* Cannot create dot entry */
+       if (_FS_RPATH && (sn[NS] & NS_DOT))             /* Cannot create dot entry */
+               return FR_INVALID_NAME;
 
        if (sn[NS] & NS_LOSS) {                 /* When LFN is out of 8.3 format, generate a numbered name */
                fn[NS] = 0; dj->lfn = 0;                        /* Find only SFN */
@@ -1158,7 +1549,7 @@ FRESULT dir_register (    /* FR_OK:Successful, FR_DENIED:No free entry or too many
                res = move_window(dj->fs, dj->sect);
                if (res != FR_OK) break;
                c = *dj->dir;                           /* Check the entry status */
-               if (c == 0xE5 || c == 0) {      /* Is it a blank entry? */
+               if (c == DDE || c == 0) {       /* Is it a blank entry? */
                        if (n == 0) is = dj->index;     /* First index of the contiguous entry */
                        if (++n == ne) break;   /* A contiguous entry that required count is found */
                } else {
@@ -1189,7 +1580,7 @@ FRESULT dir_register (    /* FR_OK:Successful, FR_DENIED:No free entry or too many
                        res = move_window(dj->fs, dj->sect);
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
                        c = *dj->dir;
-                       if (c == 0xE5 || c == 0) break; /* Is it a blank entry? */
+                       if (c == DDE || c == 0) break;  /* Is it a blank entry? */
                        res = dir_next(dj, 1);                  /* Next entry with table stretch */
                } while (res == FR_OK);
        }
@@ -1199,7 +1590,7 @@ FRESULT dir_register (    /* FR_OK:Successful, FR_DENIED:No free entry or too many
                res = move_window(dj->fs, dj->sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
                        dir = dj->dir;
-                       mem_set(dir, 0, 32);            /* Clean the entry */
+                       mem_set(dir, 0, SZ_DIR);        /* Clean the entry */
                        mem_cpy(dir, dj->fn, 11);       /* Put SFN */
 #if _USE_LFN
                        dir[DIR_NTres] = *(dj->fn+NS) & (NS_BODY | NS_EXT);     /* Put NT flag */
@@ -1234,7 +1625,7 @@ FRESULT dir_remove (      /* FR_OK: Successful, FR_DISK_ERR: A disk error */
                do {
                        res = move_window(dj->fs, dj->sect);
                        if (res != FR_OK) break;
-                       *dj->dir = 0xE5;                        /* Mark the entry "deleted" */
+                       *dj->dir = DDE;                 /* Mark the entry "deleted" */
                        dj->fs->wflag = 1;
                        if (dj->index >= i) break;      /* When reached SFN, all entries of the object has been deleted. */
                        res = dir_next(dj, 0);          /* Next entry */
@@ -1247,7 +1638,7 @@ FRESULT dir_remove (      /* FR_OK: Successful, FR_DISK_ERR: A disk error */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                res = move_window(dj->fs, dj->sect);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
-                       *dj->dir = 0xE5;                        /* Mark the entry "deleted" */
+                       *dj->dir = DDE;                 /* Mark the entry "deleted" */
                        dj->fs->wflag = 1;
                }
        }
@@ -1277,13 +1668,13 @@ FRESULT create_name (
 #if _USE_LFN   /* LFN configuration */
        BYTE b, cf;
        WCHAR w, *lfn;
-       int i, ni, si, di;
+       UINT i, ni, si, di;
        const TCHAR *p;
 
        /* Create LFN in Unicode */
-       si = di = 0;
-       p = *path;
+       for (p = *path; *p == '/' || *p == '\\'; p++) ; /* Strip duplicated separator */
        lfn = dj->lfn;
+       si = di = 0;
        for (;;) {
                w = p[si++];                                    /* Get a character */
                if (w < ' ' || w == '/' || w == '\\') break;    /* Break on end of segment */
@@ -1291,13 +1682,13 @@ FRESULT create_name (
                        return FR_INVALID_NAME;
 #if !_LFN_UNICODE
                w &= 0xFF;
-               if (IsDBCS1(w)) {                               /* If it is a DBC 1st byte */
-                       b = p[si++];                            /* Get 2nd byte */
-                       if (!IsDBCS2(b))                        /* Reject invalid code for DBC */
-                               return FR_INVALID_NAME;
-                       w = (w << 8) + b;
+               if (IsDBCS1(w)) {                               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false on SBCS cfg) */
+                       b = (BYTE)p[si++];                      /* Get 2nd byte */
+                       if (!IsDBCS2(b))
+                               return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid sequence */
+                       w = (w << 8) + b;                       /* Create a DBC */
                }
-               w = ff_convert(w, 1);                   /* Convert OEM to Unicode */
+               w = ff_convert(w, 1);                   /* Convert ANSI/OEM to Unicode */
                if (!w) return FR_INVALID_NAME; /* Reject invalid code */
 #endif
                if (w < 0x80 && chk_chr("\"*:<>\?|\x7F", w)) /* Reject illegal chars for LFN */
@@ -1307,8 +1698,8 @@ FRESULT create_name (
        *path = &p[si];                                         /* Return pointer to the next segment */
        cf = (w < ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;           /* Set last segment flag if end of path */
 #if _FS_RPATH
-       if ((di == 1 && lfn[di - 1] == '.') || /* Is this a dot entry? */
-               (di == 2 && lfn[di - 1] == '.' && lfn[di - 2] == '.')) {
+       if ((di == 1 && lfn[di-1] == '.') || /* Is this a dot entry? */
+               (di == 2 && lfn[di-1] == '.' && lfn[di-2] == '.')) {
                lfn[di] = 0;
                for (i = 0; i < 11; i++)
                        dj->fn[i] = (i < di) ? '.' : ' ';
@@ -1317,7 +1708,7 @@ FRESULT create_name (
        }
 #endif
        while (di) {                                            /* Strip trailing spaces and dots */
-               w = lfn[di - 1];
+               w = lfn[di-1];
                if (w != ' ' && w != '.') break;
                di--;
        }
@@ -1359,14 +1750,14 @@ FRESULT create_name (
                        cf |= NS_LFN;                           /* Force create LFN entry */
                }
 
-               if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) {              /* Double byte char */
+               if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100) {              /* Double byte char (always false on SBCS cfg) */
                        if (i >= ni - 1) {
                                cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN; i = ni; continue;
                        }
                        dj->fn[i++] = (BYTE)(w >> 8);
                } else {                                                /* Single byte char */
-                       if (!w || chk_chr("+,;=[]", w)) {               /* Replace illegal chars for SFN */
-                               w = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;        /* Lossy conversion */
+                       if (!w || chk_chr("+,;=[]", w)) {       /* Replace illegal chars for SFN */
+                               w = '_'; cf |= NS_LOSS | NS_LFN;/* Lossy conversion */
                        } else {
                                if (IsUpper(w)) {               /* ASCII large capital */
                                        b |= 2;
@@ -1380,7 +1771,7 @@ FRESULT create_name (
                dj->fn[i++] = (BYTE)w;
        }
 
-       if (dj->fn[0] == 0xE5) dj->fn[0] = 0x05;        /* If the first char collides with deleted mark, replace it with 0x05 */
+       if (dj->fn[0] == DDE) dj->fn[0] = NDDE; /* If the first char collides with deleted mark, replace it with 0x05 */
 
        if (ni == 8) b <<= 2;
        if ((b & 0x0C) == 0x0C || (b & 0x03) == 0x03)   /* Create LFN entry when there are composite capitals */
@@ -1397,14 +1788,14 @@ FRESULT create_name (
 
 #else  /* Non-LFN configuration */
        BYTE b, c, d, *sfn;
-       int ni, si, i;
+       UINT ni, si, i;
        const char *p;
 
        /* Create file name in directory form */
+       for (p = *path; *p == '/' || *p == '\\'; p++) ; /* Strip duplicated separator */
        sfn = dj->fn;
        mem_set(sfn, ' ', 11);
        si = i = b = 0; ni = 8;
-       p = *path;
 #if _FS_RPATH
        if (p[si] == '.') { /* Is this a dot entry? */
                for (;;) {
@@ -1426,24 +1817,24 @@ FRESULT create_name (
                        i = 8; ni = 11;
                        b <<= 2; continue;
                }
-               if (c >= 0x80) {                                /* Extended char */
+               if (c >= 0x80) {                                /* Extended char? */
+                       b |= 3;                                         /* Eliminate NT flag */
 #ifdef _EXCVT
-                       c = excvt[c - 0x80];            /* Convert extend char (SBCS) */
+                       c = excvt[c - 0x80];            /* Upper conversion (SBCS) */
 #else
-                       b |= 3;                                         /* Eliminate NT flag if extended char is exist */
 #if !_DF1S     /* ASCII only cfg */
                        return FR_INVALID_NAME;
 #endif
 #endif
                }
-               if (IsDBCS1(c)) {                               /* DBC 1st byte? */
+               if (IsDBCS1(c)) {                               /* Check if it is a DBC 1st byte (always false on SBCS cfg) */
                        d = (BYTE)p[si++];                      /* Get 2nd byte */
                        if (!IsDBCS2(d) || i >= ni - 1) /* Reject invalid DBC */
                                return FR_INVALID_NAME;
                        sfn[i++] = c;
                        sfn[i++] = d;
                } else {                                                /* Single byte code */
-                       if (chk_chr("\"*+,:<=>\?[]|\x7F", c))   /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
+                       if (chk_chr("\"*+,:;<=>\?[]|\x7F", c))  /* Reject illegal chrs for SFN */
                                return FR_INVALID_NAME;
                        if (IsUpper(c)) {                       /* ASCII large capital? */
                                b |= 2;
@@ -1459,7 +1850,7 @@ FRESULT create_name (
        c = (c <= ' ') ? NS_LAST : 0;           /* Set last segment flag if end of path */
 
        if (!i) return FR_INVALID_NAME;         /* Reject nul string */
-       if (sfn[0] == 0xE5) sfn[0] = 0x05;      /* When first char collides with 0xE5, replace it with 0x05 */
+       if (sfn[0] == DDE) sfn[0] = NDDE;       /* When first char collides with DDE, replace it with 0x05 */
 
        if (ni == 8) b <<= 2;
        if ((b & 0x03) == 0x01) c |= NS_EXT;    /* NT flag (Name extension has only small capital) */
@@ -1484,7 +1875,7 @@ void get_fileinfo (               /* No return code */
        FILINFO *fno            /* Pointer to the file information to be filled */
 )
 {
-       int i;
+       UINT i;
        BYTE nt, *dir;
        TCHAR *p, c;
 
@@ -1496,10 +1887,10 @@ void get_fileinfo (             /* No return code */
                for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {       /* Copy name body */
                        c = dir[i];
                        if (c == ' ') break;
-                       if (c == 0x05) c = (TCHAR)0xE5;
+                       if (c == NDDE) c = (TCHAR)DDE;
                        if (_USE_LFN && (nt & NS_BODY) && IsUpper(c)) c += 0x20;
 #if _LFN_UNICODE
-                       if (IsDBCS1(c) && i < 7 && IsDBCS2(dir[i + 1]))
+                       if (IsDBCS1(c) && i < 7 && IsDBCS2(dir[i+1]))
                                c = (c << 8) | dir[++i];
                        c = ff_convert(c, 1);
                        if (!c) c = '?';
@@ -1513,7 +1904,7 @@ void get_fileinfo (               /* No return code */
                                if (c == ' ') break;
                                if (_USE_LFN && (nt & NS_EXT) && IsUpper(c)) c += 0x20;
 #if _LFN_UNICODE
-                               if (IsDBCS1(c) && i < 10 && IsDBCS2(dir[i + 1]))
+                               if (IsDBCS1(c) && i < 10 && IsDBCS2(dir[i+1]))
                                        c = (c << 8) | dir[++i];
                                c = ff_convert(c, 1);
                                if (!c) c = '?';
@@ -1526,10 +1917,10 @@ void get_fileinfo (             /* No return code */
                fno->fdate = LD_WORD(dir+DIR_WrtDate);          /* Date */
                fno->ftime = LD_WORD(dir+DIR_WrtTime);          /* Time */
        }
-       *p = 0;
+       *p = 0;         /* Terminate SFN str by a \0 */
 
 #if _USE_LFN
-       if (fno->lfname) {
+       if (fno->lfname && fno->lfsize) {
                TCHAR *tp = fno->lfname;
                WCHAR w, *lfn;
 
@@ -1540,14 +1931,14 @@ void get_fileinfo (             /* No return code */
 #if !_LFN_UNICODE
                                w = ff_convert(w, 0);                   /* Unicode -> OEM conversion */
                                if (!w) { i = 0; break; }               /* Could not convert, no LFN */
-                               if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100)                /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC */
+                               if (_DF1S && w >= 0x100)                /* Put 1st byte if it is a DBC (always false on SBCS cfg) */
                                        tp[i++] = (TCHAR)(w >> 8);
 #endif
-                               if (i >= fno->lfsize - 1) { i = 0; break; }     /* Buffer overrun, no LFN */
+                               if (i >= fno->lfsize - 1) { i = 0; break; }     /* Buffer overflow, no LFN */
                                tp[i++] = (TCHAR)w;
                        }
                }
-               tp[i] = 0;      /* Terminator */
+               tp[i] = 0;      /* Terminate the LFN str by a \0 */
        }
 #endif
 }
@@ -1585,7 +1976,6 @@ FRESULT follow_path (     /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
        if ((UINT)*path < ' ') {                        /* Nul path means the start directory itself */
                res = dir_sdi(dj, 0);
                dj->dir = 0;
-
        } else {                                                        /* Follow path */
                for (;;) {
                        res = create_name(dj, &path);   /* Get a segment */
@@ -1609,7 +1999,7 @@ FRESULT follow_path (     /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
                        if (!(dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {        /* Cannot follow because it is a file */
                                res = FR_NO_PATH; break;
                        }
-                       dj->sclust = ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
+                       dj->sclust = ld_clust(dj->fs, dir);
                }
        }
 
@@ -1620,11 +2010,11 @@ FRESULT follow_path (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: error code */
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Load boot record and check if it is an FAT boot record                */
+/* Load a sector and check if it is an FAT Volume Boot Record            */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 static
-BYTE check_fs (        /* 0:The FAT BR, 1:Valid BR but not an FAT, 2:Not a BR, 3:Disk error */
+BYTE check_fs (        /* 0:FAT-VBR, 1:Any BR but not FAT, 2:Not a BR, 3:Disk error */
        FATFS *fs,      /* File system object */
        DWORD sect      /* Sector# (lba) to check if it is an FAT boot record or not */
 )
@@ -1646,17 +2036,17 @@ BYTE check_fs ( /* 0:The FAT BR, 1:Valid BR but not an FAT, 2:Not a BR, 3:Disk e
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Make sure that the file system is valid                               */
+/* Check if the file system object is valid or not                       */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 static
 FRESULT chk_mounted (  /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
        const TCHAR **path,     /* Pointer to pointer to the path name (drive number) */
        FATFS **rfs,            /* Pointer to pointer to the found file system object */
-       BYTE chk_wp                     /* !=0: Check media write protection for write access */
+       BYTE wmode                      /* !=0: Check write protection for write access */
 )
 {
-       BYTE fmt, b, *tbl;
+       BYTE fmt, b, pi, *tbl;
        UINT vol;
        DSTATUS stat;
        DWORD bsect, fasize, tsect, sysect, nclst, szbfat;
@@ -1664,66 +2054,69 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
        const TCHAR *p = *path;
        FATFS *fs;
 
+
        /* Get logical drive number from the path name */
-       vol = p[0] - '0';                               /* Is there a drive number? */
-       if (vol <= 9 && p[1] == ':') {  /* Found a drive number, get and strip it */
-               p += 2; *path = p;                      /* Return pointer to the path name */
-       } else {                                                /* No drive number is given */
+       vol = p[0] - '0';                                       /* Is there a drive number? */
+       if (vol <= 9 && p[1] == ':') {          /* Found a drive number, get and strip it */
+               p += 2; *path = p;                              /* Return pointer to the path name */
+       } else {                                                        /* No drive number is given */
 #if _FS_RPATH
-               vol = Drive;                            /* Use current drive */
+               vol = CurrVol;                                  /* Use current drive */
 #else
-               vol = 0;                                        /* Use drive 0 */
+               vol = 0;                                                /* Use drive 0 */
 #endif
        }
 
-       /* Check if the logical drive is valid or not */
-       if (vol >= _DRIVES)                     /* Is the drive number valid? */
+       /* Check if the file system object is valid or not */
+       *rfs = 0;
+       if (vol >= _VOLUMES)                            /* Is the drive number valid? */
                return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
-       *rfs = fs = FatFs[vol];                 /* Return pointer to the corresponding file system object */
-       if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED; /* Is the file system object available? */
+       fs = FatFs[vol];                                        /* Get corresponding file system object */
+       if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED;         /* Is the file system object available? */
 
-       ENTER_FF(fs);                                   /* Lock file system */
+       ENTER_FF(fs);                                           /* Lock file system */
 
-       if (fs->fs_type) {                              /* If the logical drive has been mounted */
+       *rfs = fs;                                                      /* Return pointer to the corresponding file system object */
+       if (fs->fs_type) {                                      /* If the volume has been mounted */
                stat = disk_status(fs->drv);
-               if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {     /* and the physical drive is kept initialized (has not been changed), */
-#if !_FS_READONLY
-                       if (chk_wp && (stat & STA_PROTECT))     /* Check write protection if needed */
+               if (!(stat & STA_NOINIT)) {             /* and the physical drive is kept initialized (has not been changed), */
+                       if (!_FS_READONLY && wmode && (stat & STA_PROTECT))     /* Check write protection if needed */
                                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
-#endif
-                       return FR_OK;                   /* The file system object is valid */
+                       return FR_OK;                           /* The file system object is valid */
                }
        }
 
-       /* The logical drive must be mounted. Following code attempts to mount the volume (initialize the file system object) */
+       /* The file system object is not valid. */
+       /* Following code attempts to mount the volume. (analyze BPB and initialize the fs object) */
 
        fs->fs_type = 0;                                        /* Clear the file system object */
-       fs->drv = (BYTE)LD2PD(vol);                     /* Bind the logical drive and a physical drive */
-       stat = disk_initialize(fs->drv);        /* Initialize low level disk I/O layer */
-       if (stat & STA_NOINIT)                          /* Check if the drive is ready */
-               return FR_NOT_READY;
-#if _MAX_SS != 512                                             /* Get disk sector size if needed */
-       if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK || SS(fs) > _MAX_SS)
-               return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
-#endif
-#if !_FS_READONLY
-       if (chk_wp && (stat & STA_PROTECT))     /* Check disk write protection if needed */
+       fs->drv = LD2PD(vol);                           /* Bind the logical drive and a physical drive */
+       stat = disk_initialize(fs->drv);        /* Initialize the physical drive */
+       if (stat & STA_NOINIT)                          /* Check if the initialization succeeded */
+               return FR_NOT_READY;                    /* Failed to initialize due to no medium or hard error */
+       if (!_FS_READONLY && wmode && (stat & STA_PROTECT))     /* Check disk write protection if needed */
                return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
+#if _MAX_SS != 512                                             /* Get disk sector size (variable sector size cfg only) */
+       if (disk_ioctl(fs->drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &fs->ssize) != RES_OK)
+               return FR_DISK_ERR;
 #endif
-       /* Search FAT partition on the drive (Supports only generic partitions, FDISK and SFD) */
-       fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect = 0);          /* Check sector 0 if it is a VBR */
-       if (fmt == 1) {                                         /* Not an FAT-VBR, the disk may be partitioned */
-               /* Check the partition listed in top of the partition table */
-               tbl = &fs->win[MBR_Table + LD2PT(vol) * 16];    /* Partition table */
-               if (tbl[4]) {                                                                   /* Is the partition existing? */
-                       bsect = LD_DWORD(&tbl[8]);                                      /* Partition offset in LBA */
-                       fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect);                                      /* Check the partition */
+       /* Search FAT partition on the drive. Supports only generic partitions, FDISK and SFD. */
+       fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect = 0);          /* Load sector 0 and check if it is an FAT-VBR (in SFD) */
+       if (LD2PT(vol) && !fmt) fmt = 1;        /* Force non-SFD if the volume is forced partition */
+       if (fmt == 1) {                                         /* Not an FAT-VBR, the physical drive can be partitioned */
+               /* Check the partition listed in the partition table */
+               pi = LD2PT(vol);
+               if (pi) pi--;
+               tbl = &fs->win[MBR_Table + pi * SZ_PTE];/* Partition table */
+               if (tbl[4]) {                                           /* Is the partition existing? */
+                       bsect = LD_DWORD(&tbl[8]);              /* Partition offset in LBA */
+                       fmt = check_fs(fs, bsect);              /* Check the partition */
                }
        }
        if (fmt == 3) return FR_DISK_ERR;
-       if (fmt) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                                       /* No FAT volume is found */
+       if (fmt) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;               /* No FAT volume is found */
 
-       /* Following code initializes the file system object */
+       /* An FAT volume is found. Following code initializes the file system object */
 
        if (LD_WORD(fs->win+BPB_BytsPerSec) != SS(fs))          /* (BPB_BytsPerSec must be equal to the physical sector size) */
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
@@ -1737,10 +2130,10 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
        fasize *= b;                                                                            /* Number of sectors for FAT area */
 
        fs->csize = b = fs->win[BPB_SecPerClus];                        /* Number of sectors per cluster */
-       if (!b || (b & (b - 1))) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;       /* (Must be 1,2,4...128) */
+       if (!b || (b & (b - 1))) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;       /* (Must be power of 2) */
 
        fs->n_rootdir = LD_WORD(fs->win+BPB_RootEntCnt);        /* Number of root directory entries */
-       if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / 32)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;     /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be sector aligned) */
+       if (fs->n_rootdir % (SS(fs) / SZ_DIR)) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM; /* (BPB_RootEntCnt must be sector aligned) */
 
        tsect = LD_WORD(fs->win+BPB_TotSec16);                          /* Number of sectors on the volume */
        if (!tsect) tsect = LD_DWORD(fs->win+BPB_TotSec32);
@@ -1749,7 +2142,7 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (     /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
        if (!nrsv) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                                     /* (BPB_RsvdSecCnt must not be 0) */
 
        /* Determine the FAT sub type */
-       sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / 32); /* RSV+FAT+DIR */
+       sysect = nrsv + fasize + fs->n_rootdir / (SS(fs) / SZ_DIR);     /* RSV+FAT+DIR */
        if (tsect < sysect) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;            /* (Invalid volume size) */
        nclst = (tsect - sysect) / fs->csize;                           /* Number of clusters */
        if (!nclst) return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;                            /* (Invalid volume size) */
@@ -1771,7 +2164,7 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (     /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
                szbfat = (fmt == FS_FAT16) ?                                    /* (Required FAT size) */
                        fs->n_fatent * 2 : fs->n_fatent * 3 / 2 + (fs->n_fatent & 1);
        }
-       if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs))       /* (FAT size must not be less than FAT sectors */
+       if (fs->fsize < (szbfat + (SS(fs) - 1)) / SS(fs))       /* (BPB_FATSz must not be less than required) */
                return FR_NO_FILESYSTEM;
 
 #if !_FS_READONLY
@@ -1799,9 +2192,8 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (     /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
 #if _FS_RPATH
        fs->cdir = 0;                   /* Current directory (root dir) */
 #endif
-#if _FS_SHARE                          /* Clear file lock semaphores */
-       for (vol = 0; vol < _FS_SHARE; vol++)
-               fs->flsem[vol].ctr = 0;
+#if _FS_LOCK                           /* Clear file lock semaphores */
+       clear_lock(fs);
 #endif
 
        return FR_OK;
@@ -1816,16 +2208,19 @@ FRESULT chk_mounted (   /* FR_OK(0): successful, !=0: any error occurred */
 
 static
 FRESULT validate (     /* FR_OK(0): The object is valid, !=0: Invalid */
-       FATFS *fs,              /* Pointer to the file system object */
-       WORD id                 /* Member id of the target object to be checked */
+       void* obj               /* Pointer to the object FIL/DIR to check validity */
 )
 {
-       if (!fs || !fs->fs_type || fs->id != id)
+       FIL *fil;
+
+
+       fil = (FIL*)obj;        /* Assuming offset of fs and id in the FIL/DIR is identical */
+       if (!fil->fs || !fil->fs->fs_type || fil->fs->id != fil->id)
                return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
 
-       ENTER_FF(fs);           /* Lock file system */
+       ENTER_FF(fil->fs);              /* Lock file system */
 
-       if (disk_status(fs->drv) & STA_NOINIT)
+       if (disk_status(fil->fs->drv) & STA_NOINIT)
                return FR_NOT_READY;
 
        return FR_OK;
@@ -1854,24 +2249,27 @@ FRESULT f_mount (
        FATFS *rfs;
 
 
-       if (vol >= _DRIVES)                             /* Check if the drive number is valid */
+       if (vol >= _VOLUMES)            /* Check if the drive number is valid */
                return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
-       rfs = FatFs[vol];                               /* Get current fs object */
+       rfs = FatFs[vol];                       /* Get current fs object */
 
        if (rfs) {
-#if _FS_REENTRANT                                      /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
+#if _FS_LOCK
+               clear_lock(rfs);
+#endif
+#if _FS_REENTRANT                              /* Discard sync object of the current volume */
                if (!ff_del_syncobj(rfs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
 #endif
-               rfs->fs_type = 0;                       /* Clear old fs object */
+               rfs->fs_type = 0;               /* Clear old fs object */
        }
 
        if (fs) {
-               fs->fs_type = 0;                        /* Clear new fs object */
-#if _FS_REENTRANT                                      /* Create sync object for the new volume */
+               fs->fs_type = 0;                /* Clear new fs object */
+#if _FS_REENTRANT                              /* Create sync object for the new volume */
                if (!ff_cre_syncobj(vol, &fs->sobj)) return FR_INT_ERR;
 #endif
        }
-       FatFs[vol] = fs;                                /* Register new fs object */
+       FatFs[vol] = fs;                        /* Register new fs object */
 
        return FR_OK;
 }
@@ -1895,6 +2293,7 @@ FRESULT f_open (
        DEF_NAMEBUF;
 
 
+       if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
        fp->fs = 0;                     /* Clear file object */
 
 #if !_FS_READONLY
@@ -1904,105 +2303,104 @@ FRESULT f_open (
        mode &= FA_READ;
        res = chk_mounted(&path, &dj.fs, 0);
 #endif
-       INIT_BUF(dj);
-       if (res == FR_OK)
+       if (res == FR_OK) {
+               INIT_BUF(dj);
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);   /* Follow the file path */
-       dir = dj.dir;
-
+               dir = dj.dir;
 #if !_FS_READONLY      /* R/W configuration */
-       if (res == FR_OK) {
-               if (!dir)       /* Current dir itself */
-                       res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
-#if _FS_SHARE
-               else
-                       res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
+               if (res == FR_OK) {
+                       if (!dir)       /* Current dir itself */
+                               res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
+#if _FS_LOCK
+                       else
+                               res = chk_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
 #endif
-       }
-       /* Create or Open a file */
-       if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
-               DWORD dw, cl;
-
-               if (res != FR_OK) {                             /* No file, create new */
-                       if (res == FR_NO_FILE)          /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
-#if _FS_SHARE
-                               res = enq_lock(dj.fs) ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
+               }
+               /* Create or Open a file */
+               if (mode & (FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW)) {
+                       DWORD dw, cl;
+
+                       if (res != FR_OK) {                                     /* No file, create new */
+                               if (res == FR_NO_FILE)                  /* There is no file to open, create a new entry */
+#if _FS_LOCK
+                                       res = enq_lock() ? dir_register(&dj) : FR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES;
 #else
-                               res = dir_register(&dj);
+                                       res = dir_register(&dj);
 #endif
-                       mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;
-                       dir = dj.dir;                           /* New entry */
-               }
-               else {                                                  /* Any object is already existing */
-                       if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW) {                     /* Cannot create new */
-                               res = FR_EXIST;
-                       } else {
-                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR))  /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
+                               mode |= FA_CREATE_ALWAYS;               /* File is created */
+                               dir = dj.dir;                                   /* New entry */
+                       }
+                       else {                                                          /* Any object is already existing */
+                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & (AM_RDO | AM_DIR)) {        /* Cannot overwrite it (R/O or DIR) */
                                        res = FR_DENIED;
+                               } else {
+                                       if (mode & FA_CREATE_NEW)       /* Cannot create as new file */
+                                               res = FR_EXIST;
+                               }
                        }
-               }
-               if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {        /* Truncate it if overwrite mode */
-                       dw = get_fattime();                                             /* Created time */
-                       ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_CrtTime, dw);
-                       dir[DIR_Attr] = 0;                                      /* Reset attribute */
-                       ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_FileSize, 0);          /* size = 0 */
-                       cl = ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);    /* Get start cluster */
-                       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, 0);          /* cluster = 0 */
-                       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, 0);
-                       dj.fs->wflag = 1;
-                       if (cl) {                                                       /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
-                               dw = dj.fs->winsect;
-                               res = remove_chain(dj.fs, cl);
-                               if (res == FR_OK) {
-                                       dj.fs->last_clust = cl - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
-                                       res = move_window(dj.fs, dw);
+                       if (res == FR_OK && (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)) {        /* Truncate it if overwrite mode */
+                               dw = get_fattime();                                     /* Created time */
+                               ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_CrtTime, dw);
+                               dir[DIR_Attr] = 0;                                      /* Reset attribute */
+                               ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_FileSize, 0);          /* size = 0 */
+                               cl = ld_clust(dj.fs, dir);                      /* Get start cluster */
+                               st_clust(dir, 0);                                       /* cluster = 0 */
+                               dj.fs->wflag = 1;
+                               if (cl) {                                                       /* Remove the cluster chain if exist */
+                                       dw = dj.fs->winsect;
+                                       res = remove_chain(dj.fs, cl);
+                                       if (res == FR_OK) {
+                                               dj.fs->last_clust = cl - 1;     /* Reuse the cluster hole */
+                                               res = move_window(dj.fs, dw);
+                                       }
                                }
                        }
                }
-       }
-       else {  /* Open an existing file */
-               if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Follow succeeded */
-                       if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) {           /* It is a directory */
-                               res = FR_NO_FILE;
-                       } else {
-                               if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_RDO)) /* R/O violation */
-                                       res = FR_DENIED;
+               else {  /* Open an existing file */
+                       if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Follow succeeded */
+                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) {           /* It is a directory */
+                                       res = FR_NO_FILE;
+                               } else {
+                                       if ((mode & FA_WRITE) && (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_RDO)) /* R/O violation */
+                                               res = FR_DENIED;
+                               }
                        }
                }
-       }
-       if (res == FR_OK) {
-               if (mode & (FA_WRITE | FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_OPEN_ALWAYS | FA_CREATE_NEW))
-                       mode |= FA__WRITTEN;                            /* Set file changed flag */
-               fp->dir_sect = dj.fs->winsect;                  /* Pointer to the directory entry */
-               fp->dir_ptr = dir;
-#if _FS_SHARE
-               fp->lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
-               if (!fp->lockid) res = FR_INT_ERR;
+               if (res == FR_OK) {
+                       if (mode & FA_CREATE_ALWAYS)                    /* Set file change flag if created or overwritten */
+                               mode |= FA__WRITTEN;
+                       fp->dir_sect = dj.fs->winsect;                  /* Pointer to the directory entry */
+                       fp->dir_ptr = dir;
+#if _FS_LOCK
+                       fp->lockid = inc_lock(&dj, (mode & ~FA_READ) ? 1 : 0);
+                       if (!fp->lockid) res = FR_INT_ERR;
 #endif
-       }
+               }
 
 #else                          /* R/O configuration */
-       if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Follow succeeded */
-               if (!dir) {                                             /* Current dir itself */
-                       res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
-               } else {
-                       if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)     /* It is a directory */
-                               res = FR_NO_FILE;
+               if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Follow succeeded */
+                       dir = dj.dir;
+                       if (!dir) {                                             /* Current dir itself */
+                               res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
+                       } else {
+                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)     /* It is a directory */
+                                       res = FR_NO_FILE;
+                       }
                }
-       }
 #endif
-       FREE_BUF();
+               FREE_BUF();
 
-       if (res == FR_OK) {
-               fp->flag = mode;                                        /* File access mode */
-               fp->org_clust =                                         /* File start cluster */
-                       ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
-               fp->fsize = LD_DWORD(dir+DIR_FileSize); /* File size */
-               fp->fptr = 0;                                           /* File pointer */
-               fp->dsect = 0;
+               if (res == FR_OK) {
+                       fp->flag = mode;                                        /* File access mode */
+                       fp->sclust = ld_clust(dj.fs, dir);      /* File start cluster */
+                       fp->fsize = LD_DWORD(dir+DIR_FileSize); /* File size */
+                       fp->fptr = 0;                                           /* File pointer */
+                       fp->dsect = 0;
 #if _USE_FASTSEEK
-               fp->cltbl = 0;                                          /* No cluster link map table */
+                       fp->cltbl = 0;                                          /* Normal seek mode */
 #endif
-               fp->fs = dj.fs; fp->id = dj.fs->id;     /* Validate file object */
+                       fp->fs = dj.fs; fp->id = dj.fs->id;     /* Validate file object */
+               }
        }
 
        LEAVE_FF(dj.fs, res);
@@ -2028,38 +2426,46 @@ FRESULT f_read (
        BYTE csect, *rbuff = buff;
 
 
-       *br = 0;        /* Initialize byte counter */
+       *br = 0;        /* Clear read byte counter */
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);                                 /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(fp);                                                     /* Check validity */
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, res);
-       if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                                               /* Check abort flag */
+       if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                                       /* Aborted file? */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
-       if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ))                                              /* Check access mode */
+       if (!(fp->flag & FA_READ))                                      /* Check access mode */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_DENIED);
        remain = fp->fsize - fp->fptr;
-       if (btr > remain) btr = (UINT)remain;                   /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
+       if (btr > remain) btr = (UINT)remain;           /* Truncate btr by remaining bytes */
 
-       for ( ;  btr;                                                                   /* Repeat until all data transferred */
+       for ( ;  btr;                                                           /* Repeat until all data read */
                rbuff += rcnt, fp->fptr += rcnt, *br += rcnt, btr -= rcnt) {
-               if ((fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)) == 0) {                     /* On the sector boundary? */
+               if ((fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)) == 0) {             /* On the sector boundary? */
                        csect = (BYTE)(fp->fptr / SS(fp->fs) & (fp->fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
-                       if (!csect) {                                                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
-                               clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?                        /* On the top of the file? */
-                                       fp->org_clust : get_fat(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);
-                               if (clst <= 1) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
+                       if (!csect) {                                           /* On the cluster boundary? */
+                               if (fp->fptr == 0) {                    /* On the top of the file? */
+                                       clst = fp->sclust;                      /* Follow from the origin */
+                               } else {                                                /* Middle or end of the file */
+#if _USE_FASTSEEK
+                                       if (fp->cltbl)
+                                               clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);        /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
+                                       else
+#endif
+                                               clst = get_fat(fp->fs, fp->clust);      /* Follow cluster chain on the FAT */
+                               }
+                               if (clst < 2) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-                               fp->curr_clust = clst;                          /* Update current cluster */
+                               fp->clust = clst;                               /* Update current cluster */
                        }
-                       sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);      /* Get current sector */
+                       sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->clust);   /* Get current sector */
                        if (!sect) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        sect += csect;
-                       cc = btr / SS(fp->fs);                                  /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
-                       if (cc) {                                                               /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
-                               if (csect + cc > fp->fs->csize)         /* Clip at cluster boundary */
+                       cc = btr / SS(fp->fs);                          /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
+                       if (cc) {                                                       /* Read maximum contiguous sectors directly */
+                               if (csect + cc > fp->fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                                        cc = fp->fs->csize - csect;
                                if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, rbuff, sect, (BYTE)cc) != RES_OK)
                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2                         /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
+#if !_FS_READONLY && _FS_MINIMIZE <= 2                 /* Replace one of the read sectors with cached data if it contains a dirty sector */
 #if _FS_TINY
                                if (fp->fs->wflag && fp->fs->winsect - sect < cc)
                                        mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fp->fs)), fp->fs->win, SS(fp->fs));
@@ -2068,28 +2474,28 @@ FRESULT f_read (
                                        mem_cpy(rbuff + ((fp->dsect - sect) * SS(fp->fs)), fp->buf, SS(fp->fs));
 #endif
 #endif
-                               rcnt = SS(fp->fs) * cc;                         /* Number of bytes transferred */
+                               rcnt = SS(fp->fs) * cc;                 /* Number of bytes transferred */
                                continue;
                        }
 #if !_FS_TINY
+                       if (fp->dsect != sect) {                        /* Load data sector if not in cache */
 #if !_FS_READONLY
-                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {                     /* Write sector I/O buffer if needed */
-                               if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->dsect, 1) != RES_OK)
-                                       ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-                               fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
-                       }
+                               if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {             /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
+                                       if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->dsect, 1) != RES_OK)
+                                               ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
+                                       fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
+                               }
 #endif
-                       if (fp->dsect != sect) {                        /* Fill sector buffer with file data */
-                               if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
+                               if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK) /* Fill sector cache */
                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                        }
 #endif
                        fp->dsect = sect;
                }
-               rcnt = SS(fp->fs) - (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs));    /* Get partial sector data from sector buffer */
+               rcnt = SS(fp->fs) - ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs));      /* Get partial sector data from sector buffer */
                if (rcnt > btr) rcnt = btr;
 #if _FS_TINY
-               if (move_window(fp->fs, fp->dsect))                     /* Move sector window */
+               if (move_window(fp->fs, fp->dsect))             /* Move sector window */
                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                mem_cpy(rbuff, &fp->fs->win[fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)], rcnt);      /* Pick partial sector */
 #else
@@ -2122,73 +2528,78 @@ FRESULT f_write (
        BYTE csect;
 
 
-       *bw = 0;        /* Initialize byte counter */
+       *bw = 0;        /* Clear write byte counter */
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);                                 /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(fp);                                             /* Check validity */
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, res);
-       if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                                               /* Check abort flag */
+       if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                               /* Aborted file? */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
-       if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))                                             /* Check access mode */
+       if (!(fp->flag & FA_WRITE))                             /* Check access mode */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_DENIED);
-       if (fp->fsize + btw < fp->fsize) btw = 0;               /* File size cannot reach 4GB */
+       if ((DWORD)(fp->fsize + btw) < fp->fsize) btw = 0;      /* File size cannot reach 4GB */
 
-       for ( ;  btw;                                                                   /* Repeat until all data transferred */
+       for ( ;  btw;                                                   /* Repeat until all data written */
                wbuff += wcnt, fp->fptr += wcnt, *bw += wcnt, btw -= wcnt) {
-               if ((fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)) == 0) {                     /* On the sector boundary? */
+               if ((fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)) == 0) {     /* On the sector boundary? */
                        csect = (BYTE)(fp->fptr / SS(fp->fs) & (fp->fs->csize - 1));    /* Sector offset in the cluster */
-                       if (!csect) {                                                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
-                               if (fp->fptr == 0) {                            /* On the top of the file? */
-                                       clst = fp->org_clust;                   /* Follow from the origin */
-                                       if (clst == 0)                                  /* When there is no cluster chain, */
-                                               fp->org_clust = clst = create_chain(fp->fs, 0); /* Create a new cluster chain */
-                               } else {                                                        /* Middle or end of the file */
-                                       clst = create_chain(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);                    /* Follow or stretch cluster chain */
+                       if (!csect) {                                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
+                               if (fp->fptr == 0) {            /* On the top of the file? */
+                                       clst = fp->sclust;              /* Follow from the origin */
+                                       if (clst == 0)                  /* When no cluster is allocated, */
+                                               fp->sclust = clst = create_chain(fp->fs, 0);    /* Create a new cluster chain */
+                               } else {                                        /* Middle or end of the file */
+#if _USE_FASTSEEK
+                                       if (fp->cltbl)
+                                               clst = clmt_clust(fp, fp->fptr);        /* Get cluster# from the CLMT */
+                                       else
+#endif
+                                               clst = create_chain(fp->fs, fp->clust); /* Follow or stretch cluster chain on the FAT */
                                }
-                               if (clst == 0) break;                           /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
+                               if (clst == 0) break;           /* Could not allocate a new cluster (disk full) */
                                if (clst == 1) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-                               fp->curr_clust = clst;                          /* Update current cluster */
+                               fp->clust = clst;                       /* Update current cluster */
                        }
 #if _FS_TINY
-                       if (fp->fs->winsect == fp->dsect && move_window(fp->fs, 0))     /* Write back data buffer prior to following direct transfer */
+                       if (fp->fs->winsect == fp->dsect && move_window(fp->fs, 0))     /* Write-back sector cache */
                                ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
 #else
-                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {             /* Write back data buffer prior to following direct transfer */
+                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {             /* Write-back sector cache */
                                if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->dsect, 1) != RES_OK)
                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
                        }
 #endif
-                       sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);      /* Get current sector */
+                       sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->clust);   /* Get current sector */
                        if (!sect) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                        sect += csect;
-                       cc = btw / SS(fp->fs);                                  /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
-                       if (cc) {                                                               /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
-                               if (csect + cc > fp->fs->csize)         /* Clip at cluster boundary */
+                       cc = btw / SS(fp->fs);                  /* When remaining bytes >= sector size, */
+                       if (cc) {                                               /* Write maximum contiguous sectors directly */
+                               if (csect + cc > fp->fs->csize) /* Clip at cluster boundary */
                                        cc = fp->fs->csize - csect;
                                if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, wbuff, sect, (BYTE)cc) != RES_OK)
                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
 #if _FS_TINY
-                               if (fp->fs->winsect - sect < cc) {      /* Refill sector cache if it gets dirty by the direct write */
+                               if (fp->fs->winsect - sect < cc) {      /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                                        mem_cpy(fp->fs->win, wbuff + ((fp->fs->winsect - sect) * SS(fp->fs)), SS(fp->fs));
                                        fp->fs->wflag = 0;
                                }
 #else
-                               if (fp->dsect - sect < cc) {            /* Refill sector cache if it gets dirty by the direct write */
+                               if (fp->dsect - sect < cc) { /* Refill sector cache if it gets invalidated by the direct write */
                                        mem_cpy(fp->buf, wbuff + ((fp->dsect - sect) * SS(fp->fs)), SS(fp->fs));
                                        fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
                                }
 #endif
-                               wcnt = SS(fp->fs) * cc;                         /* Number of bytes transferred */
+                               wcnt = SS(fp->fs) * cc;         /* Number of bytes transferred */
                                continue;
                        }
 #if _FS_TINY
-                       if (fp->fptr >= fp->fsize) {                    /* Avoid silly buffer filling at growing edge */
+                       if (fp->fptr >= fp->fsize) {    /* Avoid silly cache filling at growing edge */
                                if (move_window(fp->fs, 0)) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->fs->winsect = sect;
                        }
 #else
-                       if (fp->dsect != sect) {                                /* Fill sector buffer with file data */
+                       if (fp->dsect != sect) {                /* Fill sector cache with file data */
                                if (fp->fptr < fp->fsize &&
                                        disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, sect, 1) != RES_OK)
                                                ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
@@ -2196,10 +2607,10 @@ FRESULT f_write (
 #endif
                        fp->dsect = sect;
                }
-               wcnt = SS(fp->fs) - (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs));    /* Put partial sector into file I/O buffer */
+               wcnt = SS(fp->fs) - ((UINT)fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs));/* Put partial sector into file I/O buffer */
                if (wcnt > btw) wcnt = btw;
 #if _FS_TINY
-               if (move_window(fp->fs, fp->dsect))                     /* Move sector window */
+               if (move_window(fp->fs, fp->dsect))     /* Move sector window */
                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                mem_cpy(&fp->fs->win[fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)], wbuff, wcnt);      /* Fit partial sector */
                fp->fs->wflag = 1;
@@ -2210,7 +2621,7 @@ FRESULT f_write (
        }
 
        if (fp->fptr > fp->fsize) fp->fsize = fp->fptr; /* Update file size if needed */
-       fp->flag |= FA__WRITTEN;                                                /* Set file changed flag */
+       fp->flag |= FA__WRITTEN;                                                /* Set file change flag */
 
        LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_OK);
 }
@@ -2231,7 +2642,7 @@ FRESULT f_sync (
        BYTE *dir;
 
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);         /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(fp);                                     /* Check validity of the object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (fp->flag & FA__WRITTEN) {   /* Has the file been written? */
 #if !_FS_TINY  /* Write-back dirty buffer */
@@ -2247,10 +2658,10 @@ FRESULT f_sync (
                                dir = fp->dir_ptr;
                                dir[DIR_Attr] |= AM_ARC;                                        /* Set archive bit */
                                ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_FileSize, fp->fsize);          /* Update file size */
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, fp->org_clust);      /* Update start cluster */
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, fp->org_clust >> 16);
+                               st_clust(dir, fp->sclust);                                      /* Update start cluster */
                                tim = get_fattime();                                            /* Update updated time */
                                ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_WrtTime, tim);
+                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_LstAccDate, 0);
                                fp->flag &= ~FA__WRITTEN;
                                fp->fs->wflag = 1;
                                res = sync(fp->fs);
@@ -2276,24 +2687,29 @@ FRESULT f_close (
 {
        FRESULT res;
 
-#if _FS_READONLY
-       FATFS *fs = fp->fs;
-       res = validate(fs, fp->id);
-       if (res == FR_OK) fp->fs = 0;   /* Discard file object */
-       LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
 
+#if _FS_READONLY
+       res = validate(fp);
+       {
+#if _FS_REENTRANT
+               FATFS *fs = fp->fs;
+#endif
+               if (res == FR_OK) fp->fs = 0;   /* Discard file object */
+               LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
+       }
 #else
        res = f_sync(fp);               /* Flush cached data */
-#if _FS_SHARE
+#if _FS_LOCK
        if (res == FR_OK) {             /* Decrement open counter */
 #if _FS_REENTRANT
-               res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);
+               FATFS *fs = fp->fs;;
+               res = validate(fp);
                if (res == FR_OK) {
-                       res = dec_lock(fp->fs, fp->lockid);     
-                       unlock_fs(fp->fs, FR_OK);
+                       res = dec_lock(fp->lockid);     
+                       unlock_fs(fs, FR_OK);
                }
 #else
-               res = dec_lock(fp->fs, fp->lockid);
+               res = dec_lock(fp->lockid);
 #endif
        }
 #endif
@@ -2306,32 +2722,30 @@ FRESULT f_close (
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Change Current Drive/Directory                                        */
+/* Current Drive/Directory Handlings                                     */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
-#if _FS_RPATH
+#if _FS_RPATH >= 1
 
 FRESULT f_chdrive (
        BYTE drv                /* Drive number */
 )
 {
-       if (drv >= _DRIVES) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
+       if (drv >= _VOLUMES) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
 
-       Drive = drv;
+       CurrVol = drv;
 
        return FR_OK;
 }
 
 
 
-
 FRESULT f_chdir (
        const TCHAR *path       /* Pointer to the directory path */
 )
 {
        FRESULT res;
        DIR dj;
-       BYTE *dir;
        DEF_NAMEBUF;
 
 
@@ -2341,12 +2755,11 @@ FRESULT f_chdir (
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the path */
                FREE_BUF();
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* Follow completed */
-                       dir = dj.dir;                                   /* Pointer to the entry */
-                       if (!dir) {
+                       if (!dj.dir) {
                                dj.fs->cdir = dj.sclust;        /* Start directory itself */
                        } else {
-                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)     /* Reached to the directory */
-                                       dj.fs->cdir = ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
+                               if (dj.dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)  /* Reached to the directory */
+                                       dj.fs->cdir = ld_clust(dj.fs, dj.dir);
                                else
                                        res = FR_NO_PATH;               /* Reached but a file */
                        }
@@ -2357,7 +2770,78 @@ FRESULT f_chdir (
        LEAVE_FF(dj.fs, res);
 }
 
+
+#if _FS_RPATH >= 2
+FRESULT f_getcwd (
+       TCHAR *path,    /* Pointer to the directory path */
+       UINT sz_path    /* Size of path */
+)
+{
+       FRESULT res;
+       DIR dj;
+       UINT i, n;
+       DWORD ccl;
+       TCHAR *tp;
+       FILINFO fno;
+       DEF_NAMEBUF;
+
+
+       *path = 0;
+       res = chk_mounted((const TCHAR**)&path, &dj.fs, 0);     /* Get current volume */
+       if (res == FR_OK) {
+               INIT_BUF(dj);
+               i = sz_path;            /* Bottom of buffer (dir stack base) */
+               dj.sclust = dj.fs->cdir;                        /* Start to follow upper dir from current dir */
+               while ((ccl = dj.sclust) != 0) {        /* Repeat while current dir is a sub-dir */
+                       res = dir_sdi(&dj, 1);                  /* Get parent dir */
+                       if (res != FR_OK) break;
+                       res = dir_read(&dj);
+                       if (res != FR_OK) break;
+                       dj.sclust = ld_clust(dj.fs, dj.dir);    /* Goto parent dir */
+                       res = dir_sdi(&dj, 0);
+                       if (res != FR_OK) break;
+                       do {                                                    /* Find the entry links to the child dir */
+                               res = dir_read(&dj);
+                               if (res != FR_OK) break;
+                               if (ccl == ld_clust(dj.fs, dj.dir)) break;      /* Found the entry */
+                               res = dir_next(&dj, 0); 
+                       } while (res == FR_OK);
+                       if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_INT_ERR;/* It cannot be 'not found'. */
+                       if (res != FR_OK) break;
+#if _USE_LFN
+                       fno.lfname = path;
+                       fno.lfsize = i;
 #endif
+                       get_fileinfo(&dj, &fno);                /* Get the dir name and push it to the buffer */
+                       tp = fno.fname;
+                       if (_USE_LFN && *path) tp = path;
+                       for (n = 0; tp[n]; n++) ;
+                       if (i < n + 3) {
+                               res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
+                       }
+                       while (n) path[--i] = tp[--n];
+                       path[--i] = '/';
+               }
+               tp = path;
+               if (res == FR_OK) {
+                       *tp++ = '0' + CurrVol;                  /* Put drive number */
+                       *tp++ = ':';
+                       if (i == sz_path) {                             /* Root-dir */
+                               *tp++ = '/';
+                       } else {                                                /* Sub-dir */
+                               do              /* Add stacked path str */
+                                       *tp++ = path[i++];
+                               while (i < sz_path);
+                       }
+               }
+               *tp = 0;
+               FREE_BUF();
+       }
+
+       LEAVE_FF(dj.fs, res);
+}
+#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 2 */
+#endif /* _FS_RPATH >= 1 */
 
 
 
@@ -2374,65 +2858,59 @@ FRESULT f_lseek (
        FRESULT res;
 
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);         /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(fp);                                     /* Check validity of the object */
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, res);
        if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                       /* Check abort flag */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
 
 #if _USE_FASTSEEK
        if (fp->cltbl) {        /* Fast seek */
-               DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, dsc, tlen, *tbl = fp->cltbl;
-               BYTE csc;
+               DWORD cl, pcl, ncl, tcl, dsc, tlen, ulen, *tbl;
 
-               tlen = *tbl++;
-               if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {    /* Create link map table */
-                       cl = fp->org_clust;
+               if (ofs == CREATE_LINKMAP) {    /* Create CLMT */
+                       tbl = fp->cltbl;
+                       tlen = *tbl++; ulen = 2;        /* Given table size and required table size */
+                       cl = fp->sclust;                        /* Top of the chain */
                        if (cl) {
                                do {
-                                       if (tlen < 4) { /* Not enough table items */
-                                               res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE; break;
-                                       }
-                                       tcl = cl; ncl = 0;
-                                       do {            /* Get a fragment and store the top and length */
+                                       /* Get a fragment */
+                                       tcl = cl; ncl = 0; ulen += 2;   /* Top, length and used items */
+                                       do {
                                                pcl = cl; ncl++;
                                                cl = get_fat(fp->fs, cl);
                                                if (cl <= 1) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                                if (cl == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        } while (cl == pcl + 1);
-                                       *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
-                                       tlen -= 2;
-                               } while (cl < fp->fs->n_fatent);
+                                       if (ulen <= tlen) {             /* Store the length and top of the fragment */
+                                               *tbl++ = ncl; *tbl++ = tcl;
+                                       }
+                               } while (cl < fp->fs->n_fatent);        /* Repeat until end of chain */
                        }
-                       *tbl = 0;       /* Terminate table */
+                       *fp->cltbl = ulen;      /* Number of items used */
+                       if (ulen <= tlen)
+                               *tbl = 0;               /* Terminate table */
+                       else
+                               res = FR_NOT_ENOUGH_CORE;       /* Given table size is smaller than required */
 
                } else {                                                /* Fast seek */
                        if (ofs > fp->fsize)            /* Clip offset at the file size */
                                ofs = fp->fsize;
                        fp->fptr = ofs;                         /* Set file pointer */
                        if (ofs) {
-                               dsc = (ofs - 1) / SS(fp->fs);
-                               cl = dsc / fp->fs->csize;
-                               for (;;) {
-                                       ncl = *tbl++;
-                                       if (!ncl) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
-                                       if (cl < ncl) break;
-                                       cl -= ncl; tbl++;
-                               }
-                               fp->curr_clust = cl + *tbl;
-                               csc = (BYTE)(dsc & (fp->fs->csize - 1));
-                               dsc = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);
+                               fp->clust = clmt_clust(fp, ofs - 1);
+                               dsc = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->clust);
                                if (!dsc) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
-                               dsc += csc;
-                               if (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs) && dsc != fp->dsect) {
+                               dsc += (ofs - 1) / SS(fp->fs) & (fp->fs->csize - 1);
+                               if (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs) && dsc != fp->dsect) {        /* Refill sector cache if needed */
 #if !_FS_TINY
 #if !_FS_READONLY
-                                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {             /* Flush dirty buffer if needed */
+                                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {             /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                                if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->dsect, 1) != RES_OK)
                                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                                fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
                                        }
 #endif
-                                       if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK)
+                                       if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, dsc, 1) != RES_OK)  /* Load current sector */
                                                ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
 #endif
                                        fp->dsect = dsc;
@@ -2460,18 +2938,18 @@ FRESULT f_lseek (
                                (ofs - 1) / bcs >= (ifptr - 1) / bcs) { /* When seek to same or following cluster, */
                                fp->fptr = (ifptr - 1) & ~(bcs - 1);    /* start from the current cluster */
                                ofs -= fp->fptr;
-                               clst = fp->curr_clust;
+                               clst = fp->clust;
                        } else {                                                                        /* When seek to back cluster, */
-                               clst = fp->org_clust;                                   /* start from the first cluster */
+                               clst = fp->sclust;                                              /* start from the first cluster */
 #if !_FS_READONLY
                                if (clst == 0) {                                                /* If no cluster chain, create a new chain */
                                        clst = create_chain(fp->fs, 0);
                                        if (clst == 1) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-                                       fp->org_clust = clst;
+                                       fp->sclust = clst;
                                }
 #endif
-                               fp->curr_clust = clst;
+                               fp->clust = clst;
                        }
                        if (clst != 0) {
                                while (ofs > bcs) {                                             /* Cluster following loop */
@@ -2486,7 +2964,7 @@ FRESULT f_lseek (
                                                clst = get_fat(fp->fs, clst);   /* Follow cluster chain if not in write mode */
                                        if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                        if (clst <= 1 || clst >= fp->fs->n_fatent) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
-                                       fp->curr_clust = clst;
+                                       fp->clust = clst;
                                        fp->fptr += bcs;
                                        ofs -= bcs;
                                }
@@ -2498,22 +2976,22 @@ FRESULT f_lseek (
                                }
                        }
                }
-               if (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs) && nsect != fp->dsect) {
+               if (fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs) && nsect != fp->dsect) {      /* Fill sector cache if needed */
 #if !_FS_TINY
 #if !_FS_READONLY
-                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {                     /* Flush dirty buffer if needed */
+                       if (fp->flag & FA__DIRTY) {                     /* Write-back dirty sector cache */
                                if (disk_write(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, fp->dsect, 1) != RES_OK)
                                        ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
                                fp->flag &= ~FA__DIRTY;
                        }
 #endif
-                       if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK)
+                       if (disk_read(fp->fs->drv, fp->buf, nsect, 1) != RES_OK)        /* Fill sector cache */
                                ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
 #endif
                        fp->dsect = nsect;
                }
 #if !_FS_READONLY
-               if (fp->fptr > fp->fsize) {                     /* Set changed flag if the file size is extended */
+               if (fp->fptr > fp->fsize) {                     /* Set file change flag if the file size is extended */
                        fp->fsize = fp->fptr;
                        fp->flag |= FA__WRITTEN;
                }
@@ -2527,7 +3005,7 @@ FRESULT f_lseek (
 
 #if _FS_MINIMIZE <= 1
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Create a Directroy Object                                             */
+/* Create a Directory Object                                             */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT f_opendir (
@@ -2536,33 +3014,38 @@ FRESULT f_opendir (
 )
 {
        FRESULT res;
-       BYTE *dir;
+       FATFS *fs;
        DEF_NAMEBUF;
 
 
+       if (!dj) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
+
        res = chk_mounted(&path, &dj->fs, 0);
+       fs = dj->fs;
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                INIT_BUF(*dj);
                res = follow_path(dj, path);                    /* Follow the path to the directory */
                FREE_BUF();
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Follow completed */
-                       dir = dj->dir;
-                       if (dir) {                                                      /* It is not the current dir */
-                               if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) {   /* The object is a directory */
-                                       dj->sclust = ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
+                       if (dj->dir) {                                          /* It is not the root dir */
+                               if (dj->dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR) {       /* The object is a directory */
+                                       dj->sclust = ld_clust(fs, dj->dir);
                                } else {                                                /* The object is not a directory */
                                        res = FR_NO_PATH;
                                }
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) {
-                               dj->id = dj->fs->id;
+                               dj->id = fs->id;
                                res = dir_sdi(dj, 0);                   /* Rewind dir */
                        }
                }
                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_NO_PATH;
+               if (res != FR_OK) dj->fs = 0;                   /* Invalidate the dir object if function faild */
+       } else {
+               dj->fs = 0;
        }
 
-       LEAVE_FF(dj->fs, res);
+       LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
 }
 
 
@@ -2581,14 +3064,14 @@ FRESULT f_readdir (
        DEF_NAMEBUF;
 
 
-       res = validate(dj->fs, dj->id);                 /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(dj);                                             /* Check validity of the object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (!fno) {
-                       res = dir_sdi(dj, 0);
+                       res = dir_sdi(dj, 0);                   /* Rewind the directory object */
                } else {
                        INIT_BUF(*dj);
-                       res = dir_read(dj);
-                       if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {
+                       res = dir_read(dj);                             /* Read an directory item */
+                       if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                /* Reached end of dir */
                                dj->sect = 0;
                                res = FR_OK;
                        }
@@ -2654,6 +3137,7 @@ FRESULT f_getfree (
 )
 {
        FRESULT res;
+       FATFS *fs;
        DWORD n, clst, sect, stat;
        UINT i;
        BYTE fat, *p;
@@ -2661,32 +3145,33 @@ FRESULT f_getfree (
 
        /* Get drive number */
        res = chk_mounted(&path, fatfs, 0);
+       fs = *fatfs;
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                /* If free_clust is valid, return it without full cluster scan */
-               if ((*fatfs)->free_clust <= (*fatfs)->n_fatent - 2) {
-                       *nclst = (*fatfs)->free_clust;
+               if (fs->free_clust <= fs->n_fatent - 2) {
+                       *nclst = fs->free_clust;
                } else {
                        /* Get number of free clusters */
-                       fat = (*fatfs)->fs_type;
+                       fat = fs->fs_type;
                        n = 0;
                        if (fat == FS_FAT12) {
                                clst = 2;
                                do {
-                                       stat = get_fat(*fatfs, clst);
+                                       stat = get_fat(fs, clst);
                                        if (stat == 0xFFFFFFFF) { res = FR_DISK_ERR; break; }
                                        if (stat == 1) { res = FR_INT_ERR; break; }
                                        if (stat == 0) n++;
-                               } while (++clst < (*fatfs)->n_fatent);
+                               } while (++clst < fs->n_fatent);
                        } else {
-                               clst = (*fatfs)->n_fatent;
-                               sect = (*fatfs)->fatbase;
+                               clst = fs->n_fatent;
+                               sect = fs->fatbase;
                                i = 0; p = 0;
                                do {
                                        if (!i) {
-                                               res = move_window(*fatfs, sect++);
+                                               res = move_window(fs, sect++);
                                                if (res != FR_OK) break;
-                                               p = (*fatfs)->win;
-                                               i = SS(*fatfs);
+                                               p = fs->win;
+                                               i = SS(fs);
                                        }
                                        if (fat == FS_FAT16) {
                                                if (LD_WORD(p) == 0) n++;
@@ -2697,12 +3182,12 @@ FRESULT f_getfree (
                                        }
                                } while (--clst);
                        }
-                       (*fatfs)->free_clust = n;
-                       if (fat == FS_FAT32) (*fatfs)->fsi_flag = 1;
+                       fs->free_clust = n;
+                       if (fat == FS_FAT32) fs->fsi_flag = 1;
                        *nclst = n;
                }
        }
-       LEAVE_FF(*fatfs, res);
+       LEAVE_FF(fs, res);
 }
 
 
@@ -2720,7 +3205,9 @@ FRESULT f_truncate (
        DWORD ncl;
 
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);         /* Check validity of the object */
+       if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
+
+       res = validate(fp);                                             /* Check validity of the object */
        if (res == FR_OK) {
                if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR) {                     /* Check abort flag */
                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
@@ -2734,15 +3221,15 @@ FRESULT f_truncate (
                        fp->fsize = fp->fptr;   /* Set file size to current R/W point */
                        fp->flag |= FA__WRITTEN;
                        if (fp->fptr == 0) {    /* When set file size to zero, remove entire cluster chain */
-                               res = remove_chain(fp->fs, fp->org_clust);
-                               fp->org_clust = 0;
+                               res = remove_chain(fp->fs, fp->sclust);
+                               fp->sclust = 0;
                        } else {                                /* When truncate a part of the file, remove remaining clusters */
-                               ncl = get_fat(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);
+                               ncl = get_fat(fp->fs, fp->clust);
                                res = FR_OK;
                                if (ncl == 0xFFFFFFFF) res = FR_DISK_ERR;
                                if (ncl == 1) res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                if (res == FR_OK && ncl < fp->fs->n_fatent) {
-                                       res = put_fat(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust, 0x0FFFFFFF);
+                                       res = put_fat(fp->fs, fp->clust, 0x0FFFFFFF);
                                        if (res == FR_OK) res = remove_chain(fp->fs, ncl);
                                }
                        }
@@ -2777,7 +3264,7 @@ FRESULT f_unlink (
                res = follow_path(&dj, path);           /* Follow the file path */
                if (_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (dj.fn[NS] & NS_DOT))
                        res = FR_INVALID_NAME;                  /* Cannot remove dot entry */
-#if _FS_SHARE
+#if _FS_LOCK
                if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_lock(&dj, 2);       /* Cannot remove open file */
 #endif
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                     /* The object is accessible */
@@ -2788,19 +3275,19 @@ FRESULT f_unlink (
                                if (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_RDO)
                                        res = FR_DENIED;                /* Cannot remove R/O object */
                        }
-                       dclst = ((DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) << 16) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO);
+                       dclst = ld_clust(dj.fs, dir);
                        if (res == FR_OK && (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) { /* Is it a sub-dir? */
                                if (dclst < 2) {
                                        res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                } else {
-                                       mem_cpy(&sdj, &dj, sizeof(DIR));        /* Check if the sub-dir is empty or not */
+                                       mem_cpy(&sdj, &dj, sizeof (DIR));       /* Check if the sub-dir is empty or not */
                                        sdj.sclust = dclst;
                                        res = dir_sdi(&sdj, 2);         /* Exclude dot entries */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                res = dir_read(&sdj);
-                                               if (res == FR_OK                        /* Not empty dir */
+                                               if (res == FR_OK                /* Not empty dir */
 #if _FS_RPATH
-                                               || dclst == sdj.fs->cdir        /* Current dir */
+                                               || dclst == dj.fs->cdir /* Current dir */
 #endif
                                                ) res = FR_DENIED;
                                                if (res == FR_NO_FILE) res = FR_OK;     /* Empty */
@@ -2862,14 +3349,12 @@ FRESULT f_mkdir (
                                dir[DIR_Name] = '.';
                                dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;
                                ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_WrtTime, tim);
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, dcl);
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, dcl >> 16);
-                               mem_cpy(dir+32, dir, 32);                       /* Create ".." entry */
+                               st_clust(dir, dcl);
+                               mem_cpy(dir+SZ_DIR, dir, SZ_DIR);       /* Create ".." entry */
                                dir[33] = '.'; pcl = dj.sclust;
                                if (dj.fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && pcl == dj.fs->dirbase)
                                        pcl = 0;
-                               ST_WORD(dir+32+DIR_FstClusLO, pcl);
-                               ST_WORD(dir+32+DIR_FstClusHI, pcl >> 16);
+                               st_clust(dir+SZ_DIR, pcl);
                                for (n = dj.fs->csize; n; n--) {        /* Write dot entries and clear following sectors */
                                        dj.fs->winsect = dsc++;
                                        dj.fs->wflag = 1;
@@ -2880,13 +3365,12 @@ FRESULT f_mkdir (
                        }
                        if (res == FR_OK) res = dir_register(&dj);      /* Register the object to the directoy */
                        if (res != FR_OK) {
-                               remove_chain(dj.fs, dcl);                               /* Could not register, remove cluster chain */
+                               remove_chain(dj.fs, dcl);                       /* Could not register, remove cluster chain */
                        } else {
                                dir = dj.dir;
-                               dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;                                 /* Attribute */
-                               ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_WrtTime, tim);                 /* Created time */
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, dcl);                /* Table start cluster */
-                               ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, dcl >> 16);
+                               dir[DIR_Attr] = AM_DIR;                         /* Attribute */
+                               ST_DWORD(dir+DIR_WrtTime, tim);         /* Created time */
+                               st_clust(dir, dcl);                                     /* Table start cluster */
                                dj.fs->wflag = 1;
                                res = sync(dj.fs);
                        }
@@ -2943,7 +3427,7 @@ FRESULT f_chmod (
 
 
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-/* Change Time-stamp                                                      */
+/* Change Timestamp                                                      */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 
 FRESULT f_utime (
@@ -3006,7 +3490,7 @@ FRESULT f_rename (
                res = follow_path(&djo, path_old);              /* Check old object */
                if (_FS_RPATH && res == FR_OK && (djo.fn[NS] & NS_DOT))
                        res = FR_INVALID_NAME;
-#if _FS_SHARE
+#if _FS_LOCK
                if (res == FR_OK) res = chk_lock(&djo, 2);
 #endif
                if (res == FR_OK) {                                             /* Old object is found */
@@ -3014,11 +3498,11 @@ FRESULT f_rename (
                                res = FR_NO_FILE;
                        } else {
                                mem_cpy(buf, djo.dir+DIR_Attr, 21);             /* Save the object information except for name */
-                               mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof(DIR));               /* Check new object */
+                               mem_cpy(&djn, &djo, sizeof (DIR));              /* Check new object */
                                res = follow_path(&djn, path_new);
-                               if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_EXIST;                       /* The new object name is already existing */
-                               if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                                        /* Is it a valid path and no name collision? */
-/* Start critical section that any interruption or error can cause cross-link */
+                               if (res == FR_OK) res = FR_EXIST;               /* The new object name is already existing */
+                               if (res == FR_NO_FILE) {                                /* Is it a valid path and no name collision? */
+/* Start critical section that an interruption or error can cause cross-link */
                                        res = dir_register(&djn);                       /* Register the new entry */
                                        if (res == FR_OK) {
                                                dir = djn.dir;                                  /* Copy object information except for name */
@@ -3026,17 +3510,16 @@ FRESULT f_rename (
                                                dir[DIR_Attr] = buf[0] | AM_ARC;
                                                djo.fs->wflag = 1;
                                                if (djo.sclust != djn.sclust && (dir[DIR_Attr] & AM_DIR)) {             /* Update .. entry in the directory if needed */
-                                                       dw = clust2sect(djn.fs, (DWORD)LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI) | LD_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO));
+                                                       dw = clust2sect(djo.fs, ld_clust(djo.fs, dir));
                                                        if (!dw) {
                                                                res = FR_INT_ERR;
                                                        } else {
-                                                               res = move_window(djn.fs, dw);
-                                                               dir = djn.fs->win+32;   /* .. entry */
+                                                               res = move_window(djo.fs, dw);
+                                                               dir = djo.fs->win+SZ_DIR;       /* .. entry */
                                                                if (res == FR_OK && dir[1] == '.') {
-                                                                       dw = (djn.fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && djn.sclust == djn.fs->dirbase) ? 0 : djn.sclust;
-                                                                       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusLO, dw);
-                                                                       ST_WORD(dir+DIR_FstClusHI, dw >> 16);
-                                                                       djn.fs->wflag = 1;
+                                                                       dw = (djo.fs->fs_type == FS_FAT32 && djn.sclust == djo.fs->dirbase) ? 0 : djn.sclust;
+                                                                       st_clust(dir, dw);
+                                                                       djo.fs->wflag = 1;
                                                                }
                                                        }
                                                }
@@ -3080,9 +3563,11 @@ FRESULT f_forward (
        BYTE csect;
 
 
-       *bf = 0;        /* Initialize byte counter */
+       *bf = 0;        /* Clear transfer byte counter */
+
+       if (!fp) return FR_INVALID_OBJECT;
 
-       res = validate(fp->fs, fp->id);                                 /* Check validity of the object */
+       res = validate(fp);                                                             /* Check validity of the object */
        if (res != FR_OK) LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, res);
        if (fp->flag & FA__ERROR)                                               /* Check error flag */
                LEAVE_FF(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
@@ -3098,13 +3583,13 @@ FRESULT f_forward (
                if ((fp->fptr % SS(fp->fs)) == 0) {                     /* On the sector boundary? */
                        if (!csect) {                                                   /* On the cluster boundary? */
                                clst = (fp->fptr == 0) ?                        /* On the top of the file? */
-                                       fp->org_clust : get_fat(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);
+                                       fp->sclust : get_fat(fp->fs, fp->clust);
                                if (clst <= 1) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                                if (clst == 0xFFFFFFFF) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_DISK_ERR);
-                               fp->curr_clust = clst;                          /* Update current cluster */
+                               fp->clust = clst;                                       /* Update current cluster */
                        }
                }
-               sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->curr_clust);      /* Get current data sector */
+               sect = clust2sect(fp->fs, fp->clust);           /* Get current data sector */
                if (!sect) ABORT(fp->fs, FR_INT_ERR);
                sect += csect;
                if (move_window(fp->fs, sect))                          /* Move sector window */
@@ -3126,8 +3611,8 @@ FRESULT f_forward (
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
 /* Create File System on the Drive                                       */
 /*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-#define N_ROOTDIR      512                     /* Multiple of 32 */
-#define N_FATS         1                       /* 1 or 2 */
+#define N_ROOTDIR      512             /* Number of root dir entries for FAT12/16 */
+#define N_FATS         1               /* Number of FAT copies (1 or 2) */
 
 
 FRESULT f_mkfs (
@@ -3138,46 +3623,59 @@ FRESULT f_mkfs (
 {
        static const WORD vst[] = { 1024,   512,  256,  128,   64,    32,   16,    8,    4,    2,   0};
        static const WORD cst[] = {32768, 16384, 8192, 4096, 2048, 16384, 8192, 4096, 2048, 1024, 512};
-       BYTE fmt, md, *tbl;
-       DWORD n_clst, vs, n;
-       UINT as, i;
-       DWORD b_vol, b_fat, b_dir, b_data;              /* Area offset (LBA) */
-       DWORD n_vol, n_rsv, n_fat, n_dir;               /* Area size */
+       BYTE fmt, md, sys, *tbl, pdrv, part;
+       DWORD n_clst, vs, n, wsect;
+       UINT i;
+       DWORD b_vol, b_fat, b_dir, b_data;      /* LBA */
+       DWORD n_vol, n_rsv, n_fat, n_dir;       /* Size */
        FATFS *fs;
        DSTATUS stat;
 
 
        /* Check mounted drive and clear work area */
-       if (drv >= _DRIVES) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
+       if (drv >= _VOLUMES) return FR_INVALID_DRIVE;
+       if (sfd > 1) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+       if (au & (au - 1)) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
        fs = FatFs[drv];
        if (!fs) return FR_NOT_ENABLED;
        fs->fs_type = 0;
-       drv = LD2PD(drv);
+       pdrv = LD2PD(drv);      /* Physical drive */
+       part = LD2PT(drv);      /* Partition (0:auto detect, 1-4:get from partition table)*/
 
        /* Get disk statics */
-       stat = disk_initialize(drv);
+       stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
        if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
        if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
 #if _MAX_SS != 512                                     /* Get disk sector size */
-       if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK || SS(fs) > _MAX_SS)
+       if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_SIZE, &SS(fs)) != RES_OK || SS(fs) > _MAX_SS)
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
 #endif
-       if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &n_vol) != RES_OK || n_vol < 128)
-               return FR_DISK_ERR;
-       b_vol = (sfd == 1) ? 0 : 63;    /* Volume start sector */
-       n_vol -= b_vol;
-       if (au & (au - 1)) au = 0;              /* Check validity of the allocation unit size */
-       if (!au) {                                              /* AU auto selection */
+       if (_MULTI_PARTITION && part) {
+               /* Get partition information from partition table in the MBR */
+               if (disk_read(pdrv, fs->win, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
+               if (LD_WORD(fs->win+BS_55AA) != 0xAA55) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
+               tbl = &fs->win[MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE];
+               if (!tbl[4]) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;    /* No partition? */
+               b_vol = LD_DWORD(tbl+8);        /* Volume start sector */
+               n_vol = LD_DWORD(tbl+12);       /* Volume size */
+       } else {
+               /* Create a partition in this function */
+               if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &n_vol) != RES_OK || n_vol < 128)
+                       return FR_DISK_ERR;
+               b_vol = (sfd) ? 0 : 63;         /* Volume start sector */
+               n_vol -= b_vol;                         /* Volume size */
+       }
+
+       if (!au) {                              /* AU auto selection */
                vs = n_vol / (2000 / (SS(fs) / 512));
                for (i = 0; vs < vst[i]; i++) ;
                au = cst[i];
        }
-       if (_MAX_SS != 512 && au < SS(fs)) au = SS(fs);
        au /= SS(fs);           /* Number of sectors per cluster */
        if (au == 0) au = 1;
        if (au > 128) au = 128;
 
-       /* Pre-compute number of clusters and FAT syb-type */
+       /* Pre-compute number of clusters and FAT sub-type */
        n_clst = n_vol / au;
        fmt = FS_FAT12;
        if (n_clst >= MIN_FAT16) fmt = FS_FAT16;
@@ -3192,147 +3690,230 @@ FRESULT f_mkfs (
                n_fat = (fmt == FS_FAT12) ? (n_clst * 3 + 1) / 2 + 3 : (n_clst * 2) + 4;
                n_fat = (n_fat + SS(fs) - 1) / SS(fs);
                n_rsv = 1;
-               n_dir = N_ROOTDIR * 32UL / SS(fs);
+               n_dir = (DWORD)N_ROOTDIR * SZ_DIR / SS(fs);
        }
        b_fat = b_vol + n_rsv;                          /* FAT area start sector */
        b_dir = b_fat + n_fat * N_FATS;         /* Directory area start sector */
        b_data = b_dir + n_dir;                         /* Data area start sector */
-       if (n_vol < b_data + au) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;        /* Too small volume */
+       if (n_vol < b_data + au - b_vol) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;        /* Too small volume */
 
        /* Align data start sector to erase block boundary (for flash memory media) */
-       if (disk_ioctl(drv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &n) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
-       if (!n || n > 32768) return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
-       n = (b_data + n - 1) & ~(n - 1);        /* Next nearest boundary from current data start */
+       if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_BLOCK_SIZE, &n) != RES_OK || !n || n > 32768) n = 1;
+       n = (b_data + n - 1) & ~(n - 1);        /* Next nearest erase block from current data start */
        n = (n - b_data) / N_FATS;
-       if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {          /* FAT32: Move FAT start */
+       if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {          /* FAT32: Move FAT offset */
                n_rsv += n;
                b_fat += n;
        } else {                                        /* FAT12/16: Expand FAT size */
                n_fat += n;
        }
-       /* b_dir and b_data are no longer used below */
 
-       /* Determine number of cluster and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
+       /* Determine number of clusters and final check of validity of the FAT sub-type */
        n_clst = (n_vol - n_rsv - n_fat * N_FATS - n_dir) / au;
        if (   (fmt == FS_FAT16 && n_clst < MIN_FAT16)
                || (fmt == FS_FAT32 && n_clst < MIN_FAT32))
                return FR_MKFS_ABORTED;
 
-       /* Create partition table if required */
-       if (sfd == 1) {
-               md = 0xF0;
-       } else {
-               DWORD n_disk = b_vol + n_vol;
-
-               mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs));
-               tbl = fs->win+MBR_Table;
-               ST_DWORD(tbl, 0x00010180);              /* Partition start in CHS */
-               if (n_disk < 63UL * 255 * 1024) {       /* Partition end in CHS */
-                       n_disk = n_disk / 63 / 255;
-                       tbl[7] = (BYTE)n_disk;
-                       tbl[6] = (BYTE)((n_disk >> 2) | 63);
-               } else {
-                       ST_WORD(&tbl[6], 0xFFFF);
-               }
-               tbl[5] = 254;
-               if (fmt != FS_FAT32)                    /* System ID */
-                       tbl[4] = (n_vol < 0x10000) ? 0x04 : 0x06;
-               else
-                       tbl[4] = 0x0c;
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+8, 63);                    /* Partition start in LBA */
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+12, n_vol);                /* Partition size in LBA */
-               ST_WORD(tbl+64, 0xAA55);                /* Signature */
-               if (disk_write(drv, fs->win, 0, 1) != RES_OK)
-                       return FR_DISK_ERR;
+       switch (fmt) {  /* Determine system ID for partition table */
+       case FS_FAT12:  sys = 0x01; break;
+       case FS_FAT16:  sys = (n_vol < 0x10000) ? 0x04 : 0x06; break;
+       default:                sys = 0x0C;
+       }
+
+       if (_MULTI_PARTITION && part) {
+               /* Update system ID in the partition table */
+               tbl = &fs->win[MBR_Table + (part - 1) * SZ_PTE];
+               tbl[4] = sys;
+               if (disk_write(pdrv, fs->win, 0, 1) != RES_OK) return FR_DISK_ERR;
                md = 0xF8;
+       } else {
+               if (sfd) {      /* No partition table (SFD) */
+                       md = 0xF0;
+               } else {        /* Create partition table (FDISK) */
+                       mem_set(fs->win, 0, SS(fs));
+                       tbl = fs->win+MBR_Table;        /* Create partition table for single partition in the drive */
+                       tbl[1] = 1;                                             /* Partition start head */
+                       tbl[2] = 1;                                             /* Partition start sector */
+                       tbl[3] = 0;                                             /* Partition start cylinder */
+                       tbl[4] = sys;                                   /* System type */
+                       tbl[5] = 254;                                   /* Partition end head */
+                       n = (b_vol + n_vol) / 63 / 255;
+                       tbl[6] = (BYTE)((n >> 2) | 63); /* Partition end sector */
+                       tbl[7] = (BYTE)n;                               /* End cylinder */
+                       ST_DWORD(tbl+8, 63);                    /* Partition start in LBA */
+                       ST_DWORD(tbl+12, n_vol);                /* Partition size in LBA */
+                       ST_WORD(fs->win+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);       /* MBR signature */
+                       if (disk_write(pdrv, fs->win, 0, 1) != RES_OK)  /* Write it to the MBR sector */
+                               return FR_DISK_ERR;
+                       md = 0xF8;
+               }
        }
 
-       /* Create VBR */
-       tbl = fs->win;                                                          /* Clear buffer */
+       /* Create BPB in the VBR */
+       tbl = fs->win;                                                  /* Clear sector */
        mem_set(tbl, 0, SS(fs));
-       ST_DWORD(tbl+BS_jmpBoot, 0x90FEEB);                     /* Boot code (jmp $, nop) */
-       as = SS(fs);                                                            /* Sector size */
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_BytsPerSec, as);
-       tbl[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)au;                         /* Sectors per cluster */
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_RsvdSecCnt, n_rsv);                     /* Reserved sectors */
-       tbl[BPB_NumFATs] = N_FATS;                                      /* Number of FATs */
-       as = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : N_ROOTDIR;         /* Number of rootdir entries */
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_RootEntCnt, as);
-       if (n_vol < 0x10000) {                                          /* Number of total sectors */
+       mem_cpy(tbl, "\xEB\xFE\x90" "MSDOS5.0", 11);/* Boot jump code, OEM name */
+       i = SS(fs);                                                             /* Sector size */
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_BytsPerSec, i);
+       tbl[BPB_SecPerClus] = (BYTE)au;                 /* Sectors per cluster */
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_RsvdSecCnt, n_rsv);             /* Reserved sectors */
+       tbl[BPB_NumFATs] = N_FATS;                              /* Number of FATs */
+       i = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? 0 : N_ROOTDIR;  /* Number of rootdir entries */
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_RootEntCnt, i);
+       if (n_vol < 0x10000) {                                  /* Number of total sectors */
                ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_TotSec16, n_vol);
        } else {
                ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_TotSec32, n_vol);
        }
-       tbl[BPB_Media] = md;                                            /* Media descriptor */
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);                         /* Number of sectors per track */
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_NumHeads, 255);                         /* Number of heads */
-       ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_HiddSec, b_vol);                       /* Hidden sectors */
-       n = get_fattime();                                                      /* Use current time as VSN */
+       tbl[BPB_Media] = md;                                    /* Media descriptor */
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_SecPerTrk, 63);                 /* Number of sectors per track */
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_NumHeads, 255);                 /* Number of heads */
+       ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_HiddSec, b_vol);               /* Hidden sectors */
+       n = get_fattime();                                              /* Use current time as VSN */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+BS_VolID32, n);                    /* VSN */
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_FATSz32, n_fat);               /* Number of sectors per FAT */
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_RootClus, 2);                  /* Root directory start cluster (2) */
-               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_FSInfo, 1);                             /* FSInfo record offset (VBR+1) */
-               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_BkBootSec, 6);                  /* Backup boot record offset (VBR+6) */
-               tbl[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                                /* Drive number */
-               tbl[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                               /* Extended boot signature */
-               mem_cpy(tbl+BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    FAT32   ", 19);    /* Volume label, FAT signature */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+BS_VolID32, n);            /* VSN */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_FATSz32, n_fat);       /* Number of sectors per FAT */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+BPB_RootClus, 2);          /* Root directory start cluster (2) */
+               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_FSInfo, 1);                     /* FSInfo record offset (VBR+1) */
+               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_BkBootSec, 6);          /* Backup boot record offset (VBR+6) */
+               tbl[BS_DrvNum32] = 0x80;                        /* Drive number */
+               tbl[BS_BootSig32] = 0x29;                       /* Extended boot signature */
+               mem_cpy(tbl+BS_VolLab32, "NO NAME    " "FAT32   ", 19); /* Volume label, FAT signature */
        } else {
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+BS_VolID, n);                              /* VSN */
-               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_FATSz16, n_fat);                /* Number of sectors per FAT */
-               tbl[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                                  /* Drive number */
-               tbl[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                                 /* Extended boot signature */
-               mem_cpy(tbl+BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    FAT     ", 19);      /* Volume label, FAT signature */
-       }
-       ST_WORD(tbl+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                           /* Signature (Offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
-       if (disk_write(drv, tbl, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK)   /* Original (VBR) */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+BS_VolID, n);                      /* VSN */
+               ST_WORD(tbl+BPB_FATSz16, n_fat);        /* Number of sectors per FAT */
+               tbl[BS_DrvNum] = 0x80;                          /* Drive number */
+               tbl[BS_BootSig] = 0x29;                         /* Extended boot signature */
+               mem_cpy(tbl+BS_VolLab, "NO NAME    " "FAT     ", 19);   /* Volume label, FAT signature */
+       }
+       ST_WORD(tbl+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);                   /* Signature (Offset is fixed here regardless of sector size) */
+       if (disk_write(pdrv, tbl, b_vol, 1) != RES_OK)  /* Write it to the VBR sector */
                return FR_DISK_ERR;
-       if (fmt == FS_FAT32)                                            /* Backup (VBR+6) */
-               disk_write(drv, tbl, b_vol + 6, 1);
+       if (fmt == FS_FAT32)                                                    /* Write backup VBR if needed (VBR+6) */
+               disk_write(pdrv, tbl, b_vol + 6, 1);
 
        /* Initialize FAT area */
-       for (i = 0; i < N_FATS; i++) {
+       wsect = b_fat;
+       for (i = 0; i < N_FATS; i++) {          /* Initialize each FAT copy */
                mem_set(tbl, 0, SS(fs));                        /* 1st sector of the FAT  */
                n = md;                                                         /* Media descriptor byte */
                if (fmt != FS_FAT32) {
                        n |= (fmt == FS_FAT12) ? 0x00FFFF00 : 0xFFFFFF00;
                        ST_DWORD(tbl+0, n);                             /* Reserve cluster #0-1 (FAT12/16) */
                } else {
-                       n |= 0x0FFFFF00;
+                       n |= 0xFFFFFF00;
                        ST_DWORD(tbl+0, n);                             /* Reserve cluster #0-1 (FAT32) */
-                       ST_DWORD(tbl+4, 0x0FFFFFFF);
+                       ST_DWORD(tbl+4, 0xFFFFFFFF);
                        ST_DWORD(tbl+8, 0x0FFFFFFF);    /* Reserve cluster #2 for root dir */
                }
-               if (disk_write(drv, tbl, b_fat++, 1) != RES_OK)
+               if (disk_write(pdrv, tbl, wsect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;
-               mem_set(tbl, 0, SS(fs));                /* Fill following FAT entries with zero */
-               for (n = 1; n < n_fat; n++) {   /* This loop may take a time on FAT32 volume due to many single sector write */
-                       if (disk_write(drv, tbl, b_fat++, 1) != RES_OK)
+               mem_set(tbl, 0, SS(fs));                        /* Fill following FAT entries with zero */
+               for (n = 1; n < n_fat; n++) {           /* This loop may take a time on FAT32 volume due to many single sector writes */
+                       if (disk_write(pdrv, tbl, wsect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                                return FR_DISK_ERR;
                }
        }
 
        /* Initialize root directory */
-       n = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? as : n_dir;
-       while (n--) {
-               if (disk_write(drv, tbl, b_fat++, 1) != RES_OK)
+       i = (fmt == FS_FAT32) ? au : n_dir;
+       do {
+               if (disk_write(pdrv, tbl, wsect++, 1) != RES_OK)
                        return FR_DISK_ERR;
+       } while (--i);
+
+#if _USE_ERASE /* Erase data area if needed */
+       {
+               DWORD eb[2];
+
+               eb[0] = wsect; eb[1] = wsect + (n_clst - ((fmt == FS_FAT32) ? 1 : 0)) * au - 1;
+               disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_ERASE_SECTOR, eb);
        }
+#endif
 
-       /* Create FSInfo record if needed */
+       /* Create FSInfo if needed */
        if (fmt == FS_FAT32) {
-               ST_WORD(tbl+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
                ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_LeadSig, 0x41615252);
                ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_StrucSig, 0x61417272);
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1);
-               ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_Nxt_Free, 0xFFFFFFFF);
-               disk_write(drv, tbl, b_vol + 1, 1);     /* Original (VBR+1) */
-               disk_write(drv, tbl, b_vol + 7, 1);     /* Backup  (VBR+7) */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_Free_Count, n_clst - 1);       /* Number of free clusters */
+               ST_DWORD(tbl+FSI_Nxt_Free, 2);                          /* Last allocated cluster# */
+               ST_WORD(tbl+BS_55AA, 0xAA55);
+               disk_write(pdrv, tbl, b_vol + 1, 1);    /* Write original (VBR+1) */
+               disk_write(pdrv, tbl, b_vol + 7, 1);    /* Write backup (VBR+7) */
+       }
+
+       return (disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0) == RES_OK) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
+}
+
+
+#if _MULTI_PARTITION == 2
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+/* Divide Physical Drive                                                 */
+/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+FRESULT f_fdisk (
+       BYTE pdrv,                      /* Physical drive number */
+       const DWORD szt[],      /* Pointer to the size table for each partitions */
+       void* work                      /* Pointer to the working buffer */
+)
+{
+       UINT i, n, sz_cyl, tot_cyl, b_cyl, e_cyl, p_cyl;
+       BYTE s_hd, e_hd, *p, *buf = (BYTE*)work;
+       DSTATUS stat;
+       DWORD sz_disk, sz_part, s_part;
+
+
+       stat = disk_initialize(pdrv);
+       if (stat & STA_NOINIT) return FR_NOT_READY;
+       if (stat & STA_PROTECT) return FR_WRITE_PROTECTED;
+       if (disk_ioctl(pdrv, GET_SECTOR_COUNT, &sz_disk)) return FR_DISK_ERR;
+
+       /* Determine CHS in the table regardless of the drive geometry */
+       for (n = 16; n < 256 && sz_disk / n / 63 > 1024; n *= 2) ;
+       if (n == 256) n--;
+       e_hd = n - 1;
+       sz_cyl = 63 * n;
+       tot_cyl = sz_disk / sz_cyl;
+
+       /* Create partition table */
+       mem_set(buf, 0, _MAX_SS);
+       p = buf + MBR_Table; b_cyl = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < 4; i++, p += SZ_PTE) {
+               p_cyl = (szt[i] <= 100) ? (DWORD)tot_cyl * szt[i] / 100 : szt[i] / sz_cyl;
+               if (!p_cyl) continue;
+               s_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * b_cyl;
+               sz_part = (DWORD)sz_cyl * p_cyl;
+               if (i == 0) {   /* Exclude first track of cylinder 0 */
+                       s_hd = 1;
+                       s_part += 63; sz_part -= 63;
+               } else {
+                       s_hd = 0;
+               }
+               e_cyl = b_cyl + p_cyl - 1;
+               if (e_cyl >= tot_cyl) return FR_INVALID_PARAMETER;
+
+               /* Set partition table */
+               p[1] = s_hd;                                            /* Start head */
+               p[2] = (BYTE)((b_cyl >> 2) + 1);        /* Start sector */
+               p[3] = (BYTE)b_cyl;                                     /* Start cylinder */
+               p[4] = 0x06;                                            /* System type (temporary setting) */
+               p[5] = e_hd;                                            /* End head */
+               p[6] = (BYTE)((e_cyl >> 2) + 63);       /* End sector */
+               p[7] = (BYTE)e_cyl;                                     /* End cylinder */
+               ST_DWORD(p + 8, s_part);                        /* Start sector in LBA */
+               ST_DWORD(p + 12, sz_part);                      /* Partition size */
+
+               /* Next partition */
+               b_cyl += p_cyl;
        }
+       ST_WORD(p, 0xAA55);
 
-       return (disk_ioctl(drv, CTRL_SYNC, (void*)0) == RES_OK) ? FR_OK : FR_DISK_ERR;
+       /* Write it to the MBR */
+       return (disk_write(pdrv, buf, 0, 1) || disk_ioctl(pdrv, CTRL_SYNC, 0)) ? FR_DISK_ERR : FR_OK;
 }
 
+
+#endif /* _MULTI_PARTITION == 2 */
 #endif /* _USE_MKFS && !_FS_READONLY */
 
 
@@ -3467,10 +4048,10 @@ int f_printf (
 {
        va_list arp;
        BYTE f, r;
-       UINT i, w;
-       ULONG val;
-       TCHAR c, d, s[16];
-       int res, cc;
+       UINT i, j, w;
+       ULONG v;
+       TCHAR c, d, s[16], *p;
+       int res, chc, cc;
 
 
        va_start(arp, str);
@@ -3487,20 +4068,33 @@ int f_printf (
                c = *str++;
                if (c == '0') {                         /* Flag: '0' padding */
                        f = 1; c = *str++;
+               } else {
+                       if (c == '-') {                 /* Flag: left justified */
+                               f = 2; c = *str++;
+                       }
                }
                while (IsDigit(c)) {            /* Precision */
                        w = w * 10 + c - '0';
                        c = *str++;
                }
                if (c == 'l' || c == 'L') {     /* Prefix: Size is long int */
-                       f |= 2; c = *str++;
+                       f |= 4; c = *str++;
                }
                if (!c) break;
                d = c;
                if (IsLower(d)) d -= 0x20;
                switch (d) {                            /* Type is... */
                case 'S' :                                      /* String */
-                       cc = f_puts(va_arg(arp, TCHAR*), fil); continue;
+                       p = va_arg(arp, TCHAR*);
+                       for (j = 0; p[j]; j++) ;
+                       chc = 0;
+                       if (!(f & 2)) {
+                               while (j++ < w) chc += (cc = f_putc(' ', fil));
+                       }
+                       chc += (cc = f_puts(p, fil));
+                       while (j++ < w) chc += (cc = f_putc(' ', fil));
+                       if (cc != EOF) cc = chc;
+                       continue;
                case 'C' :                                      /* Character */
                        cc = f_putc((TCHAR)va_arg(arp, int), fil); continue;
                case 'B' :                                      /* Binary */
@@ -3510,39 +4104,31 @@ int f_printf (
                case 'D' :                                      /* Signed decimal */
                case 'U' :                                      /* Unsigned decimal */
                        r = 10; break;
-               case 'X' :                                      /* Hexadecimal */
+               case 'X' :                                      /* Hexdecimal */
                        r = 16; break;
-               default:                                        /* Unknown */
+               default:                                        /* Unknown type (pass-through) */
                        cc = f_putc(c, fil); continue;
                }
 
-               /* Get an argument */
-               val = (f & 2) ? va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (long)va_arg(arp, int) : va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
-               if (d == 'D' && (val & 0x80000000)) {
-                       val = 0 - val;
-                       f |= 4;
+               /* Get an argument and put it in numeral */
+               v = (f & 4) ? (ULONG)va_arg(arp, long) : ((d == 'D') ? (ULONG)(long)va_arg(arp, int) : (ULONG)va_arg(arp, unsigned int));
+               if (d == 'D' && (v & 0x80000000)) {
+                       v = 0 - v;
+                       f |= 8;
                }
-               /* Put it in numeral string */
                i = 0;
                do {
-                       d = (TCHAR)(val % r); val /= r;
-                       if (d > 9) {
-                               d += 7;
-                               if (c == 'x') d += 0x20;
-                       }
+                       d = (TCHAR)(v % r); v /= r;
+                       if (d > 9) d += (c == 'x') ? 0x27 : 0x07;
                        s[i++] = d + '0';
-               } while (val && i < sizeof(s) / sizeof(s[0]));
-               if (f & 4) s[i++] = '-';
-               cc = 0;
-               while (i < w-- && cc != EOF) {
-                       cc = f_putc((TCHAR)((f & 1) ? '0' : ' '), fil);
-                       res++;
-               }
-               do {
-                       cc = f_putc(s[--i], fil); 
-                       res++;
-               } while (i && cc != EOF);
-               if (cc != EOF) cc = 0;
+               } while (v && i < sizeof s / sizeof s[0]);
+               if (f & 8) s[i++] = '-';
+               j = i; d = (f & 1) ? '0' : ' ';
+               res = 0;
+               while (!(f & 2) && j++ < w) res += (cc = f_putc(d, fil));
+               do res += (cc = f_putc(s[--i], fil)); while(i);
+               while (j++ < w) res += (cc = f_putc(' ', fil));
+               if (cc != EOF) cc = res;
        }
 
        va_end(arp);